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in Abdera, Greece
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Around this time, Democritus and his teacher, Leucippus, developed the first basis of the atomic theory which stated that everything is composed of atoms, which are physically, but not geometrically, indivisible, that between atoms there lies empty space, and that atoms are indestructible. The theory also stated that atoms have always been and will always be in motion and that there are an infinite number of atoms, and kinds of atoms, which differ in shape and size.
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in Paris, France
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in Eaglesfield, Cumbria, United Kingdom
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Lavoisier found out the effects of combustion of phosphorus. He realized that the process required a lot of air and that the consequence was a gain in mass. Later, he conducted the same experiment on sulfur, and arrived at the same inferences. This research proved to be one of the most pioneering chemical theories ever produced, and it remains applicable in the field of science to this day.
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He deduced that any substance can alter its state (liquid, gaseous, or solid) while showing no change in the total mass. This led to the law of conservation of matter which states that atoms are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
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Phlogiston was thought to be the flammable substance in the elements before 1777. It was said to be released into the air when the elements were burned. In 1777, Lavoisier was ready to compose a theory that excluded phlogiston.
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Dalton proposed the present day atomic theory which is two centuries old but still valid in modern chemical thought. It stated that all matter is made up of atoms, that atoms are indivisible and indestructible, that all atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties, that compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms, and that a chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
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in Manchester, United Kingdom
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in Cheetham Hill, Manchester, United Kingdom
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A Planck is a unique unit of measurement solely defined by the physical constants. The man for whom they were named was born at this date.
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in Warsaw, Poland
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in Morrison, Illinois
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in Brightwater, New Zealand
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One of the most famous men in history was born today. He theorised that time moves at a different pace depending on your size, had an IQ of 160, and was a big hit with the ladies.
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The man after which Bohrium was named was born on this day. He also updated the electron model with his own version called the Bohr Model.
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The man who would later become the head of the British Division of the Manhattan Project was born.
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One of the few French Physicists to contribute to the war effort, De Broglie not only paved the way for Schrodinger with his Pilot-Wave Theory, but also won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work.
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Henri Becquerel’s discovery of uranium salts emitting rays led Curie to take the work a little further. She employed an electrometer to find out that the rays remained constant, irrespective of the condition or form of uranium. After conducting her research, she found out that the rays were emitted from the element’s atomic structure and were not the outcome of the interaction of molecules. It was due to this revolutionary finding that the field of atomic physics came into existence.
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Thomson began seminal research on cathode rays that led him through different alleys. Through this research, he discovered the electron which changed the face of natural sciences.
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The man behind Schrodinger's Paradox and author of "What is Life?" was born on this day.
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A key member of the Uranprojekt(Germany's version of the Manhattan Project), Heisenberg was an avid Physicist who would later win the Nobel prize for his creation of Quantum Mechanics.
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He spent the latter part of his career conducting research on isotopes that led to the discovery of positive ions and later on he went on to make more important discoveries such as the radioactivity of the element potassium. He was also able to assert that hydrogen did not have more than one electron.
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In collaboration with Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, Rutherford conducted the Geiger-Marsden experiment, which established the nuclear atoms by deflecting alpha particles passing through a thin, gold foil.
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He determined the unit charge of the electron with his oil drop experiment at the University of Chicago. This allowed for the calculation of the mass of the electron and the positively charged atoms.
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in Sancellemoz
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in Cambridge, United Kingdom
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in Cambridge, United Kingdom
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in San Marino, California
