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Court ruling that allowed the exclusion of children with disabilities from attending public school, because the noises that the student made was disruptive to other students. This ruling led to other decisions, like the 1919 Wisconsin ruling & The 1958 Illinois case that continued to exclude children with disabilities for many years.
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The first time that societal change regarding the treatment of students with disabilities, as students with special needs were allowed in public schools, albeit in separate classes from the general student body.
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The advocacy organization, based in Reston, Virginia. Formed by faculty and students to argue for the equal rights of children with disabilities. Current membership is now over 60,000.
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A precedent setting case that involved the civil rights of African Americans. The provisions eventually led to school policies that benefitted children with disabilities. It specifically stated that segregation due to race and disability was unconstitutional.
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The Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens settled a lawsuit by creating a consent agreement that established free public education for students with disabilities. It set the stage for similar lawsuits to be filed and won across the United States.
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"The first federal civil rights law that was enacted to protect the rights of persons with disabilities" (Yell, 2016 p.103). A hefty monetary penalty for violating this law was imposed, thereby ensuring compliance.
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A law that required schools to develop Individualized Education Plans (IEP). Provides federal funding for schools that educate students with disabilities, particularly in the least restrictive setting.
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Federally established guidelines for state compliance to create early intervention programs for children (birth to age three years-old) with developmental disabilities.
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ADA - A law that was created to provide accommodated access to students with disabilities. Federal mandates that require ramps and elevators in educational settings.
IDEA - Replaced the language that defined an individual with a handicap, rather than disability. This law also provided for "individualized transition planning" (Yell, 2016 p. 109) for students aged 16 and up. -
Bolstered the IDEA by restructuring the 1990 act. The additional requirement established actual goals and objectives for students with special needs. Prior to this, there were no expectations for special education learning.
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A law that established important requirements that special education teachers must be certified in special education and meet all the provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act testing requirements.