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Introduced isorhythm —repeating rhythmic and melodic units (talea and color, respectively) within a piece of music.
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German Chorale; the 'Reformation Anthem'
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Italian Renaissance Madrigal
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As legend goes, this mass for six voices was composed to convince the Council of Trent that polyphonic settings could still be clearly understood and worshipful—thereby saving polyphonic music in the Catholic church.
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Late Spanish Renaissance Mass
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Certain pieces within L'estro armonico greatly exemplify Vivaldi's new ritornello form and will also later serve as foundations for the development of Classical Italian concert symphonies.
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Rameau's treatise standardized the foundations of what is now modern music theory. His theories of intervals, chords, and tonic/dominant relationships won him renown and set the grounds for how harmony was taught going forward.
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Bach's book of 24 preludes and fugues displayed the ability of well temperament to play across every key in a variety of different keyboard instruments. His work would later influence Mozart's own composition and eventually start a tradition among composers of writing preludes and fugues in sets for every major and minor key.
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Joseph Bologne was the first famous composer and performer of color, director of one of Europe's greatest orchestras at the time, and was recognized as the most accomplished man in Europe by John Adams.
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