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The earliest of written language were logographic and used icons and symbols to create a coherent message/
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Information Deprived from "A brief history of graphic design" by Matt Ellis
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People didn't have a printer or computers to copy down text and messages and rather had to copy books, essays and texts by hand.
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This revolutionary invention made spreading literature and advertisements much easier for the world.
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These advertisements helped the businesses or people spreed the word of their trade or the help they needed, giving people a new, easier way to communicate.
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Technology always advances and gives society new and exiting ways to express or communicate, such as Chromolithography, the ability to print in color.
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Meaning "Vienna workshop," The Wiener Werkstätte was the first organization made up of visual artists (ie: painters, architects, and early graphic designers) to create visual designs.
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In William Addison Dwiggins' article "New Kind of Printing Calls for New Design” used the term "graphic design" to describe this new design method.