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Benjamin Thompson
- Label nutrition as science in 1800s
- Came up with a nutritionist soup called Rumford Soup
- Invented temperature ranges
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Ellen S. Richards
- MIT Chemistry Professor: founder of FACS profession
- Began the school lunch programs in 1894
- Opened a kitchen in Boston to offer working-class families nutritious foods
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Wilbur Olin Atwater
- Developed agricultural chemistry and nutrition science
- Went to Germany for 2 years and came back to conduct a study on exercise metabolism where it measures respiration and metabolism
- Is considered to be the "Father of Nutrition"
- Invented the Atwater general factor system of where we get our energy from in foods
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School Lunch Program
The first school lunch program was launched in vocational schools. It was The Children's Aid Society of New York to serve meals to children in need. -
Justin Smith Morrill/Morrill Act of 1862
- Known as the Land-Grant College Act. It provided grants of land to states to finance colleges specializing in educating agriculture, mechanic arts, home economics, other professions that were practical at the time. 30,000 acres of western land was set aside to fund and construct agricultural and mechanical schools. Early grant schools included The University of Wisconsin, Iowa State University, the State University of New Jersey, and the University of Missouri
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Martha Van Rensselaer
- Professor at Cornell University
- Became president of the Home Economics Association at the time called AAFACS
- Worked at an extension program in New York State's rural women to teach women how to adapt new scientific strategies to their daily tasks
- Was a leading woman who made mass media about issues affecting women and families
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Charles Ford Langworthy
- Conducted metabolic tests
- Studied chemical composition of food
- Was an assistant to Atwater for nutrition investigations
- In the 19th century he became involved in the home economics movement
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Carolyn Hunt
- Was a Philosopher for Home Economics
- Collected dietary histories
- First home economics professor at The University of Wisconsin
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Clara Belle Drisdale Williams
- First African American woman to graduate New Mexico State University. During this time she would take notes outside the classroom in the hall as she was not allowed in the classroom
- Talk kids who were black in the day and at night taught parents home economics
- 1961 New Mexico State University recognized the family and named Williams Ave. after them
- Was put into the Hall of Fame by the New Mexico Education Association
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Land Grant University
A land-grant college or university is an institution that is designated by the state legislature to receive the benefits of the Morrill Act
Created to teach agricultural, mechanical arts, and practical education. -
Land Grant Universities in Arkansas
University of Arkansas, January 22, 1872
University of Arkansas Pine Bluff, 1873 -
The Rumford Kitchen
- Displayed to the world advances from MIT, sanitation, and foodservice technologies
- Served over 10,000 people lunch over two months from a small dining room kitchen
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First Lake Placid Conference
- Richards and other educators organized an annual meeting to come together to talk about specific goals. These talks led to the creation of the American Home Economics Associstion. This was when they decided to start teaching home economics in schools and college universities.
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Smith Lever Act or 1914
Established a national Cooperative Extension Service to programs through the grant land universities. This act was to educate rural Americans about advances in agricultural practices and technology. -
Smith Hughes Act of 1917
Provided aid to states that were promoting precollegiate vocational education in agricultural and industrial trades in home economics. It was so states would develop a plan for vocational education. -
Cornell University
- Had a building built and named after Martha Van Rensselear
- Martha worked at Cornell University for a while and taught many classes like homemaking which lead to a department of home economics being formed in 1906
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Vocational Education Act of 1963
This was established to provide grants to states to maintain, improve and develop vocational education programs. They wanted to allow students to have practical experience in their career path before they graduated. -
Vocational Amendment of 1968 & 1973
Increased federal support to vocational education schools. Provided funds to expand teaching to facilities and loans to students who were in the health profession. -
Vocational Amendment of 1976
Any vocational schools that were receiving fundings needed to make sure they were developing and carrying out activities to eliminate gender bias, stereotyping, and discrimination. -
Carl Perkins Act
Allows people to get the knowledge, skills, and resources to support their learning in technical operations and careers. Is a program for all 50 states with $1.2 billion federal support. This law was extended through 2024. -
Parent Education
During this time they started to encourage men and women to take a program applied to the field of parent education. -
Name Change
Organizations and programs came together and decided to change the name from Home Economics to Family and Consumer Science. The reason for this is because they thought it reflected more complexity of the profession.
