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The Vikings arrived to Britain around the 800th, introducing around 2000 new words to English
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Around 597 AD more latin arrived to Britain with Christianism
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German Triebes Arrived to Brittain along with the Jutes, bringing lots of new words to describe everyday objects, as well as days of the week.
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By 1066 William the Conqueror invaded England, introducing French Language into Britain. French became "The official language" all bussiness and justice, as well as nobility issues were in French. While the rest of the population still sopke English. At the end of the Norman Conquest by 1453, English has already took around 10,000 words from French. And Enlglih returned to be the language of power.
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During many years, Britains also explored and conquered lands around the world introducing many new words to the language. And growing different variations of English.
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Science had an exponencial growth in the 17th Century, which came out with a problem, there wren´t words for new discoveries, nor for naming the human body anatomy, Therefore many new words were created to describe scientific terms.
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American English has evolved ever since the first Birttish Settlenment in 1607. The first colonizers introduced new words from native Americans to describe the words of the new world. Later on, more Europeans came, as Italians, Germans, etc introducing more words that are used in the American English, Some of the words used in American English have become obsolete in British English. And it´s easy to differentiate between both English forms.
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In 1611, the King James ordered a translation from Hebrew and Greek to English from the Bible, and made it "accesible" to all population. Introducing more vocabulary to the Modern English.
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Shakespeare contributed with about 2000 new words and phrases to English.
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In 1755 The Dictionary of the English Language was Published by the Lexicographer Dr. Jhonson and included 42, 773 entries in an attepmt to "standardize" the English written language.
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The Oxford English Dictionary was published in !928 after 70 years of being started, and it´s continuously revised ever since.
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In 1972 the first E-mal was sent and as the science once needed new vocabulary, the Internet wasn´t the exception, and new words, have been created ever since. And surely they will continuing growing, as Internet keeps growing.
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Nowadays English has become a Global Language. It´s Spoken by around 1.5 billion people, and just a quarter of them are native speakers. It´s used as a bussiness Language, is the Internet Language, the travel language and it´s the most Spoken Second LAnguage in the world. These days there are many variants of English.