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Colonial Education
The upper class families hired private tutors to teach their boys, and then send them off to university. But the lower class, and often the Southern states taught their children at home how to read, write, and work on the farm. The southern families often taught their children at home because there would be no nearby schools, and they needed their children to work on the family farm. -
Bill 79: "An Act to Establish Public Education"
Thomas Jefferson writes Bill 79, which states that a school must be created every 5-6 square miles, and everyone, whites only, should be given access to basic education. The bill was revised multiple times, but wasn't published until 1796, but this helped create an educational system that looks more like the one we use today. -
Horace Mann's Work
Horace Mann had very strong beliefs on education; he wanted to create more funds for public schools, better schooling for teachers, and he believed that public schools should be free for everyone. Mann became the Secretary of Massachusetts State Board of Education, and he even held a seat in Congress. His influence helped form ideas of education, as we now have better teachers, and public schools are free to everyone. -
Department of Education is created
The Department of Education is created to help school systems, and gives federal assistance to different schools that need it throughout the United States. -
Indian Boarding Schools
The first Indian Boarding School, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School opened in 1879. The Indian Boarding Schools forcibly assimilated the Native Americans into the American culture. The schools taught the children skills such as manual labor, farming, and industrial skills. The treatment of Native Americans is horrendous, as disciplinary action was allowed. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
This Supreme Court case did not directly apply to education, but it was used in further educational decisions. The Supreme Court ruled that having "separate but equal" conditions were okay. For education, this meant that African Americans were allowed an education, but they could not go to school with white children, and the conditions for African American children were very poor compared to the while children's schools. [https://youtu.be/vsDTqtyiNZk] -
Tennessee v. John Scopes
John Scopes, a high school biology teacher was teaching evolution to his class, and ended up convicted, and tried in court. The school and parent's of the children did not want their children to learn biology, but rather about creationism. This case was dubbed the "Monkey Trial", and this debate still goes on today. -
Brown v. Board of Education
The Supreme Court ruled that all laws containing racial segregation are unconstitutional, and those laws must not be followed anymore. This court case overruled the separate but equal clause, and stated that African American children should not have poor, separate educations than the white children, but rather African Americans would go to school with the white children. The case started on December, 9th of 1952 and lasted until May 17th, 1954. Enter [https://youtu.be/TTGHLdr-iak] -
Title IX of Education
In 1972, the Title IX of the Education Amendments was established, and it bans discrimination on the basis of sex in education. Women were now treated as equals compared to men in any activity or school program that's funded by the government. -
No Child Left Behind Act
No Child Left Behind Act was authorized, allowing all children with a "fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education."
[https://www.k12.wa.us/policy-funding/grants-grant-management/every-student-succeeds-act-essa-implementation/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-esea/no-child-left-behind-act-2001#:~:text=The%20No%20Child%20Left%20Behind,are%20administered%20by%20the%20states.&text=The%20major%20focus%20of%20No,obtain%20a%20high%2Dquality%20education.]