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Piaget is a well-known figure in the history of Education, best known for his theory of Cognitive Development. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development are I. The Sensorimotor Stage; II. The Preoperational Stage; III. The Concrete Operations Stage.
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Vygotsky was a contemporary of Piaget. He believed that children's development is supported through social interaction, His theories include ths Zone of Proximal Development.
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Howard Gardner suggested the theory that people can have multiple intelligences. That is to say, they can be intelligent in many different areas.
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In the 1960's there was a big Civil Rights Movement and subsequently The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed. This made it illegal to deny someone entry into public property based on race, sex, or religion. In 1972 Congress amended the Civil Rights Act. One historyically significant change was the addition of Title IX, which provides equal opportuniry for women in all sports.
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In 1975, Public Law 94-142 was passed by Congress. It guaranteed the opportunity for a public education for all children. In order to receive public funding, states must provide a free appropriate public education (FAPE) for all children with disabilities. In 1990, it was renamed the Idividuals with Disabilities Education Act and reauthorized. It has undergone other reauthorizations and is still in effect.
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The NCLB Act provides funding for schools based on test scores and adequate yearly progress, A number of opponents believe that this leaves funding being based too heavily on standardized testing.
