History Of Astronomy

Hipparchus

147 BCE

made the first star catalog. He was also considered as the greatest astronomer of his time. He was the  first to find equinoxes and calculated distance between earth and the moon.

Ptolemy

138

Wrote almagest which is a catalog of eclipse. His model is the geocentric theory and also called the Ptolemaic model.

Aristotle

384

proved Earth was spherical and believed it was the center of the universe he also thought the plants had separate shells and rotated around the earth.

Copernicus

1514

believed the earth held its place in the center of the universe. Founder of scientific method. Identified the concept of the heliocentric solar system. It was the system in which the sun rather than the earth is the center Helios= “sun”; centric=”center”.

Tycho Brahe

1572

known for his accurate and comprehensive astronomical and planetary observations.

Hans Lippershey

1589

Was a lens maker and he made a telescope and put a pentene.

Johannes Kepler

1600

Tycho's assistant and discovered that the orbit of the planets orbits with the sun at one focus.

Galileo

1608

He is from Italy One of his first discovery was the telescope. He also was the first person to find sun spots. He also discovered that the stars weren't on the clear shells like the planets. Found the main moons of Jupiter which are Io, Europa, Ganymede and Calisto.

Sir isaac newton

1668

further developed works of Copernicus and Kepler using math invented reflecting telescope 1668 and 3 laws of motion.

Giovanni Cassini

1675

discovered the separation of Saturn rings and Saturn's moons.

William Herschel

1816

Discovered that planet Uranus and its the moons also discover 2 more moons on Saturn believed he found water on earth.

Ejnar Hertzsprung

1911

inventors of his diagram it shows the correlation between the absolute magnitude brightness and the spectral type of star.

Percival Lowell

1915

predicted the existence of a planet beyond the orbit of Neptune and ended his research with the discovery of Pluto. And found different

Albert Einstein

1916

helped astronomers study everything gravitational waves to mercury's orbit. And Theory of relativity.

Edwin Hubble

1929

Discover the universe is expanding. Hubble's law was that  galaxies are moving away from each other. The idea is the basis of the big bang theory of how universe began.

Karl Jansky

1931

in 1931 He discovered that radio waves were emanating from the Milky Way. He was considered one of the founding figures of radio astronomy. Radio waves are the largest type of energy waves.

Sputnik

1957

Russia sent the first satellite into space to orbit the earth. Putting the soviet union ahead of the U.S. Because they beat us to it the U.S. Mad NASA

Yuri Gagarin

1961

first person to orbit the earth 108 min.

John Glenn

1961

1st U.S. citizen to orbit earth 3x

Neil Armstrong

1961

1st U.S. citizen to orbit earth 3x

Apollo

1963

Send people to the moon and send them back to earth safely. 6 of his missions made it to and from the moon.

Neil Armstrong

1969

first person to walk on the moon represents America.

First space shuttle flight

1981

it was called the Columbia. It launches like a rocket and lands like a plane.

Mars Pathfinder

1996

When it landed it let a rover go and explore mars. This was also  a design to demonstrate a new way to deliver an instrumented lander.

Cassini Orbiter

1997

Was the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter its orbit

SpaceX Falcon Heavy

2018

is a partially reusable heavy-lift launch vehicle designed and manufactured by SpaceX.