History of Astronomy

3 evidances

200

• Things fall down towards earth and space
• People cant feel the earth move
• All object's motion are circular

Aristotle

200

Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) was an Ancient Greek great philosopher who was born proved that the Earth is rounded.He believed that it was at the center of the universe because he knew that if the Earth revolved around the Sun, then people should see the stars shift position throughout the year. He didn’t have the good technology to prove that.According to Aristotle, the Sun, planets, and stars were located in spheres that revolved around the Earth.

Ptolemy

265

Claudius Ptolemy (85-165 A.D.) was a Greek astronomer who used Hipparchus' extensive observations to develop a model that predicted the movements of the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars.It was called the Ptolemaic system it showed an Earth centered universe and thought tthat all astronomical objects move at constant velocity in circular orbits. The circle was considered by the ancients to be the perfect shape The Ptolemaic model is one of the longest upheld scientific theories in history: it was t

Nicolaus Copernicus

Feb 19, 1473

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) is polish and he started a new era of astronomy when he concluded that the Sun was the center of the universe instead of the Earth. Copernicus felt that the Ptolemaic system was wrong, but in his revisions of that model, he kept the orbits circular.Other astronomers such as Brahe and Galileo helped build his model.

Tycho Brahe

Dec 14, 1546

Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) is Danish and he built an observatory His observatory contained sophisticated equipment for mapping star positions, and for more than 20 years he made detailed records of his findings. He believed that the universe was a blend of the Ptolemaic and Copernican models, and created his own model in which the planets orbit the Sun and the Sun orbits the Earth.

Galileo Galilei

Feb 15, 1564

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) is the italian father of observational astronomy. In 1609 built a telescope which changed the face of astronomy. He saw the craters, mountains, and valleys of the Moon and noticed the huge number of stars. Also, he kept records of how the sun was moving and the phases of Venus, and discovered four moons orbiting Jupiter. These moons are still called the Galilean Moons today. During a time when the Earth was still considered to be at the center of the universe, he publ

Evidance from the heiocentric universe ..

Dec 21, 1564

• he observed how the sun set and the sunrise
• The telescope that he created
• an observation he made was that the planets dissapeared more times than the they were rotating around the earth

Johannes Kepler

Dec 27, 1571

Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) is german and he was Tycho Brahe's assistant and student. He had a collection of astronomical records which led him to use them to develop three laws of planetary motion. He believed in the Copernican model of the universe. However, he found it difficult to fit Tycho's observations of Mars into the model with a circular orbit. He used the idea of elliptical orbits to describe the motions of the planets, which became known as Kepler's first law. His second law states t

Isaac Newton

Jan 4, 1643

Isaac Newton (1643-1727) was a british mathematician who developed extensive mathematics to describe the astronomical models of Copernicus and Kepler. His Theory of Universal Gravitation was the foundation of Kepler's laws of planetary motion. Newton showed that the laws governing astronomical bodies were the same laws governing motion on the surface of the Earth. Newton's scientific ideas are so complete that they still offer an accurate description of physics today, except for certain cases i

Edwin Hubble

Nov 20, 1889

Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) is American. He discovered that faraway galaxies are moving away from u which is an incredible contribution to astronomy and cosmology.Hubble's Law is the theory that states that galaxies recede from each other at a rate proportional to their distance from each other. This concept is a cornerstone of the Big Bang model of the universe.