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Tensons rise between the Soviets and other allies as they discuss the future of the war and the postwar world; Germany is divided and the Soviets control eastern Europe
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After many Africans fought in World War 2, many thought they deserved independence, so this congress was put on and attended by 90 delegated (26 of them from Africa); numerous resolutions were passed including criminalizing racial discrimination.
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Truman announces the United States' willingness to help aid any country against the threat of communim
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Anti-Apartheid adopted when National party takes power in a post World War 2 political setting that was laregly against racial discrimination
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Berlin Airlift begins and ends in 1949; this movemtn by the American goverment was one of many acts that showed we would not allow the spread of communism
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America Immediately recognizes Israel's independence because of guilt over the Holocaust, pissing off many Palestinians and Muslims
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Truman desegregated the military, which would pave the way for civil rights later on because these men fought and died together, so why would they discriminate against each other at home?
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Qutb goes to America and is shocked by the displays of impurity throughout the nation, and developing a hatred for Americans
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The United States finds evidence that the Soviet Union is engineering atomic bombs. This explains why this was a war without arms - because they were both able to destroy the other (mutually assured destruction)
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North Atlantic Treaty organization is established " by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union" (https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/nato)
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After making allegations that the State Department was infiltrated by communists, the term McCarthyism is coined to refer to extreme and reckless charges; nonetheless, many Americans, minds distorted by fear, followed McCarthy and his allegations
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More than 80% of South Africa's land was set aside for white minorities, and seperate facilities for different races emerged along with a law requiring all non-whites to carry documents that would allow them on white land
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This act provided the basis of dividing the South African population by race, mainly white, black, and native (Bantu).
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The is an oil boom throughout the 50s and America over-stays their welcome trying to protect and invest in the oil, making people (along with radical Islamists) very angry
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Dwight D. Eisenhower intorduces the Domino Theory, basically stating that if Vitenam fell to the communists, all of its neighbors would follow
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This court case overruled the "seperate but equal" policy claiming that seperate is inherently unequal
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The U.S. and 7 other countries formed the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization in order to supply South Vietnam with economic and military aid against communism
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Emett Till is brutally murdered for supposedly catcalling a white woman and the murderer is aquitted by an all white jury
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Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat to a white passenger, leading to the year-long Montgomery bus boycott
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The SCLC was a civil rights movement group founded by about 60 ministers and civil rights leaders which was based upon nonviolence and civil disobedience after seeing how well that worked with the Montgomery bus boycott
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The man who would grow up to fund al-Jihad and found al-Qaeda is born
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Beat writing was very popular in counter culture in the 1950s and often dealt with drug, religious, and sexual experimentation as highlighted in this work
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The conference was convened by Kwame Nkrumah in Accra one year after Ghana gained its independence. The conference decided they would use not use violence in their endeavors to help countries gain their independence.
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4 black college students remain in a diner where they are refused service, triggering similar nonviolent protests
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After 67 black demonstrators were killed in Sharpeville, the ANC is banned by the white South African government
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The United Nations declares 1960 the year of Africa because of the amount of African states that gained independence that year
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In Sharpesville (a black town), the police shot at a group of unarmed blacks from the Afrrican National Congress (ANC) because they had gone to the police station without passes, so they could resist arrest, causing 67 deaths and 180 other casualties, causing anti-apartheid leaders to form non-threatening military branches in case they could not reach their goals peacefully.
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Pop Art was a sort of revolt against abstract expressionism and instead broadens the imagination, which Andy Warhol was famous for
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The SNCC was founded in order to provide young blacks with a place and a voice in the civil rights movement
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South Africa is declared a republic and Mandela heads the ANC military wing, launching a sabatoge campaign
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Throughout the 60s pop art was used on the covers of many albums, it was meant to defy tradition and be edgy
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James Meredith became the first black student at the University of Mississippi causing much violence and prompting the president to call in federal troops
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Cesar Chavez organized a union of farm workers who were working in terrible conditions for low pay; they would use nonviolence (strikes, boycotts, etc.) in order to get better working conditions
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32 African governments sign the charter in Addis Ababa, creating first organized body of government in Africa
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Martin Luther King Junior was arrested during the Birmingham protests and during his time in incarceration he wrote Letters from Birmingham which explained why blacks have the duty to disobey unjust laws
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Tom Wolfe was one of the first people to incorporate literary devices into political reports, blurring the lines between reporting and activism as a whole
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The English rock band made a trip to America to perform on Ed Sullivan's show as over 70 million Americans tooned in to watch the band that inspired many musicians who took part in civil rights and peace movements
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Mandela was sentenced to life in prison for his role in the ANC
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Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as a tribute to Kennedy's life and dedication to the fight for civil rights
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The resolution gave the president the power to do everthing he could in order to repel an armed attack against the United States without consulting Congress
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Malcom X, the founder of Organization of Afro-American Unity, is shot (likely by Black Muslim faith members)
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Montgomery marchers stopped on bridge and 50 hospitalized after tear gas, clubs, and whips were used on them
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After Picketting proved to be unsuccessful, latinos spread out over the nation to promote the boycott of table grapes, causing the industry to lose millions of dollars and establish better working conditions for the migrant farm workers
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The strikers march 250 miles from Delano to Sacramento to present a list of their demands to grape companies and some of them agree to sign a contract with the union.
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Qutb killed by hanging for his role in the attempted assassination of the Egyptian president, but his legacy lived on with other radical Islamists
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Many black Americans were losing thei lives in Vietnam and it was entirely unfair, so a group called th black panthers formed to protest at anti-Vietnam War rallies
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at least 2000 people travelled to this district in San Fransisco in order to listen to rock music and political radicals as they participated in drugs and free love
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Israel wins the 6 day war causing Arabs to be very unhappy
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In order to protest the cruelty in the union, Chavez went on a 25 day fast, attracting national attention for the cause, and even ending the fast by breaking bread with Robert Kennedy
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When the Chicano movement started to grow, many groups focused on improving the quality of living for workers, and the National Council of La Raza focused specifically on reducing poverty and discrimination.
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The Lusaka Manifesto states that they will support criminal liberation struggles against white minority regimens in Africa
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Counterculture lost appeal to many when the Rolling Stones played at a California Festival and members of the Hell's Angels managed to stab a black man to death, contracting the peace and love of the hippie movement
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32 mainstream psychedelic bands performed live outside over a weekende to over half a million people
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The forcible resettlement of 3 million + people in black homelands
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Counterculture began to lose its appeal after stars like Jimi Hendrix died from drug overdose
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