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Jan 1, 1564
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was born on Feb. 15, 1564, he was involved in many different fields. Including physics, mathematics, astronomy and philosophy. Galileo helped develope the suction pump, he used air to extract water that was underground, up a tube. He found that 1o meters was the limit to which the water would rise up the tube. -
Evangelist Torricelli
A physicist filled a tube, barometer, one meter long and closed at one end with mercury, he set it vertically in a basin with mercury, one end being open. The column of mercury fell to 760 mm, leaving a small empty space above the column. He came to figure out that there is a force on the surface of the earth. He also figured out that the space above the column is called a vacuum. -
Otto von Guericke
Made a pump that could create a very strong vacuum. He came upon that the hemispheres were held together by a mechanical force of the atmospheric pressure, not the vacuum. He made this pump in the years of 1602-1686. -
Blasie Pascal
He used Evangelista's barometer, traveling up and down a mountain to determine the different atmospheric pressures. The pressure increased as he moved down the mountain. The SI unit of pressure, Pascal, was named after him. -
Christiaan Huygens
He developed the manometer to study elastic forces in a gas. He developed the first ever practical vacuum pump. -
John Dalton
John mentioned that in a mixture of gases the total pressure is equal to the sum of the pressure of each of the gases, if left in a container alone. Partial pressure is the pressure exerted by each gas. Which is also known as Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures. So the total pressure of a gas in a container is the sum of the pressures of each gas. -
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
He observed the law of combining volumes. Two volumes of hydrogen combined with one volume of oxygen to form two volumes of water. -
Amadeo Avogadro
After studying the work of all the other scientists. He published Avogadro's Hypothesis in 1811. Which stated that a small sample of any gas having the same pressure and temperature will contain the same number of particles. He also stated that the more gas particles there are, the greater your pressure will be.
