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Used convex lenseas a magnifying glass
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used glass lenses to study small objects
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constucted the first compound microscope using 2 lenses inside a tube
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He further developed the compound mircroscope, including the use of theh iris diaphragm. Hooke kept detailed records of his observations. he first described cells (plant cells) in his description of a slice of corkk he observed under the miscroscope. he described it as "all perforated and porous, much like a honecomb... the pores or cells... consisted of mny little boxes. "
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stated that all plants are built of chambers
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described unicellular organisms from his observations of a drop of stagnant rainwater as 'animalcules'.
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discovered bacteria from his observations of saliva
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stated that all animals and plants are made up of cells
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noted that cells o orchaods he was observing under the microscope contained a structure inside the cell. he called this the 'nucleus'.
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formulated the cell theory that all living matter is composed of small units called cells.
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stated that 'where cells existthere must have been a pre-existing cell, just as the animal arises only from an animal and the plant only from a plant.'
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described cell division (mitosis) from observations on living and stined cells.
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used hard x-rays to produce diffraction images pf crystallised biological molecules.
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build the first electron microscope. details of internal cell structure were revealed. transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes were developed in following decades.
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an image of cystalline DNA allowed Watsona nd Crick to reveal the structure of DNA
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developed the first confocal microscope, these laser based scanning microscope can produce three dimensional images of cells ad cell structures.
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two-photon flouroescence microscope was developed. allow tissues to be views withough damaging them.
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largest most powerful synchroton every built.
and mini synchotron are beingdeveloped to fit on bench tops
