-
Aug 30, 700
Chinese
Chinese used fingerprints to establish identity of documents and clay sculpture, but without any formal classification system. -
Jan 6, 1000
bloody palm prints
quintilian, an attorney in the roman courts, showed that bloody palm prints were meant to frame a blind man of his mother's murder. -
identify books
Thomas Bewick, an english naturalist, used engravings of his own fingerprints to identify books he published.
Used own fingerprints to identify books. -
Nature of fingerprints
John Evangelist Purkinji, a professorprofessor of anatomy at the University of Breslau, Czecheslovakia, published the first paper on the nature of fingerprints and suggested a classification system based on nine major types. However, he failed to recognize their individualizing potential. -
light microscope
William Nichol invented the polarizing light microscope. -
Belgian statistican
Adolphe Quetelet, a Belgian statistican, provided the foundation for Bertillion's work by stating his belief that two human bodies were exactly alike. -
thumbprints on documents
Sir William Herschel, a British officer working for the Indian Civil service, began to use thumbprints on documents both as a substitute for written signatures for illiterates and to verify document signatures. -
force adoption of fingerprint identification
Sir Edward Richard Henry was appointed head of Scotland Yard and forced the adoption of fingerprint identification to replace anthropometry. -
comparison microscope
Calvin Goddard, with Charles Waite, Phillip O. Gravelle, & John H. Fisher, Perfected the comparison microscope for the use in use in ballet comparison. -
NRCI
In response to concerns about the practice of forensic DNA analysis and interpretation of the results, the NationalResearch Council Committee on Forensic DNA (NRC I) published DNA Technology in Forensic Science. -
Roche Molecular System
Roche Molecular Systems (formerly Cetus) released a set of five additional DNA markers (“polymarker”) to add to the HLA-DQA1 forensic DNA typing system. -
interdepartmental submissions
The FBI introduced computerized searches of the AFIS fingerprint database. Live scan and card scan devices allowed interdepartmental submissions. -
FTIR
(FTIR) -fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, is adapted for use in the forensic laboratory -
Automated Fingerprint Identification System
The FBI introduced the beginnings of its Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) with the first computerized scans of fingerprints. -
IAFIS
The FBI upgraded its computerized fingerprint database and implemented the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS), allowing paperless submission, storage, and search capabilities directly to the national database maintained at the FBI.