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Francis Scott Fitzgerald is born in St. Paul, Minnesota. He shows exceptional literary talent in grade school.
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When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1904, Japan and Russia had already been tussling for decades over control of Manchuria, a resource-rich region in Northeast Asia. The Japanese emerged victorious and proved the country capable of trumping Western military might—a rarity in the nineteenth century.
https://world101.cfr.org/historical-context/world-war/essential-events-between-1900-and-1945 -
Fitzgerald enters Princeton University and writes for The Princeton Tiger, the school’s humor magazine. At Princeton he becomes a leading figure in literary life and writes scripts for the Triangle Club, a drama club at the university.
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Assassination of Austrian of Archduke Francis Ferdindad lead to the outbreak of World War I. The war was against the Triple Entente of Great Britain, France, Russia and the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
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By encouraging and supporting Panama’s push for independence from Colombia, the United States ultimately succeeded in building the Panama Canal, which opened to traffic in 1914. The United States could now sail far more easily and safely between its two shores, allowing the country to integrate its domestic economy and continue on its path toward becoming a global economic and military power.
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In early 1917, a revolution protesting food shortages—started by working-class women and including factory workers and soldiers who deserted—overthrew Tsar Nicholas II and established a provisional democratic government in the country.
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On academic probation and close to flunking out of Princeton, Fitzgerald takes a commission as an infantry second lieutenant in the U.S. Army and leaves school to report for duty at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He never graduates from Princeton.
https://www.shmoop.com/study-guides/biography/f-scott-fitzgerald/timeline -
U.S. President Woodrow Wilson came up with the "Fourteen Points" where he linked the war to essential American political values that laid out a plan for a postwar international order that would keep the peace and pave the way for the spread of democracy around the world.
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At 11 a.m. on the eleventh day of the eleventh month of 1918, World War I came to a halt—a day that would come to be known as Armistice Day. The Allies emerged victorious, though they had little to celebrate.
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Two months after World War I ended, world leaders convened in Paris to discuss the terms of peace. The war’s victors—led by the United States, Britain, and France—dominated conversations regarding terms of peace and multiple treaties resulted, most notably the Treaty of Versailles, which forced major territorial concessions from Germany and limited its army and navy.
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The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919 at the Palace of Versailles in Paris at the end of World War I, codified peace terms between Germany and the victorious Allies. The Treaty of Versailles held Germany responsible for starting the war and imposed harsh penalties on the Germans, including loss of territory, massive reparations payments and demilitarization.
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The Fitzgeralds depart for their first trip to Europe. They spend three months in England, France and Italy before returning to the U.S.
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The Fitzgeralds' first and only child is born, a daughter named Frances Scott "Scottie" Fitzgerald. The next month the family moves to St. Paul and lives there until June.
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The Fitzgeralds rent a house in Great Neck, Long Island. They live there until April 1924. During their time in Long Island, F. Scott Fitzgerald produces a few short stories for magazines and one unsuccessful play.
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The Fitzgeralds set sail for France. They spend most of the next seven years in Europe, predominantly in Paris.
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The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald's third book, stands as the supreme achievement of his career.
https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/The-Great-Gatsby/F-Scott-Fitzgerald/9781982146702#:~:text=The%20Great%20Gatsby%2C%20Fitzgerald's%20third,acclaimed%20by%20generations%20of%20readers. -
Recall of private loans by American banks caused the world banking system to fall apart.The financial crisis caused world production of goods to fall by more than one-third between 1929 and 1933.
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The worldwide embrace of post-war protectionism and its ruinous effects on global trade put the island nation of Japan in a particular bind. In response to a growing need for food and oil and other raw materials plus markets, the Japanese invaded Manchuria, the start of an aggressive expansion campaign across East Asia and the Pacific.
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By 1932, six million people out of a labor force of approximately twenty five million people in Germany were unemployed. As the Great Depression caused economic pain for many Germans, the ideas of Adolf Hitler and his Nazi party—which promised to fix Germany’s broken economic system and make Germany a great power again—began to resonate.
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For decades, Ethiopia remained independent while European powers colonized its neighbors. However, in 1935, an emboldened Italy led by fascist dictator Benito Mussolini invaded Ethiopia, a member of the League of Nations.
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Fitzgerald moves to Hollywood after signing a six-month contract from Metro Goldwyn Mayer, hoping that he'll work his way out of debt with screenplays. Within days of his arrival he meets a movie columnist named Sheilah Graham.
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In the years leading up to World War II, Nazi Germany grew more aggressive both inside and outside its borders. Yet, as Germany institutionalized anti-Semitism at home and annexed Austria, Hitler drew little response from European leaders, who instead tried to accommodate or appease him, in hopes that they could avoid another devastating global conflict.
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He began his Hollywood novel, The Love of the Last Tycoon, in 1939 and had written more than half of a working draft when he died of a heart attack in Graham's apartment on December 21, 1940.
https://sc.edu/about/offices_and_divisions/university_libraries/browse/irvin_dept_special_collections/collections/matthew_arlyn_bruccoli_collection_of_f_scott_fitzgerald/life_of_fitzgerald/index.php#:~:text=He%20began%20his%20Hollywood%20novel,apartment%20on%20December%2021%2C%201940. -
On the morning of 7 December 1941, at 7.48am local time, 177 aircraft of the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked the United States Naval base at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. Their intention was to destroy and damage as much of the US Pacific Fleet as possible, before it could respond to Japanese operations taking place on the same day against British, Dutch and US territories in southeast Asia.
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After Mussolini was overthrown, the new government signed an armistice that left Germany isolated. Then, in an effort to liberate France, the Allies stormed the beaches at Normandy with what was the largest shipborne landing in history, augmented by overnight parachute and glider landings, massive air attacks, and naval bombardments.
https://world101.cfr.org/historical-context/world-war/essential-events-between-1900-and-1945