Cold war flag

Origins of the Cold War

By Sabrina Yap
  • Percentages agreement in Moscow between Stalin and Churchill

    Percentages agreement in Moscow between Stalin and Churchill

    • British would have 90% influence in Greece
    • Soviets would have 90% influence in Romania and Bulgaria
  • Soviets asked for a $6 billion loan

    Soviets asked for a $6 billion loan

    *DOLLAR DIPLOMACY • Americans imposed conditions
    - opening of eastern European markets to US manufactured products
    • Soviets not wanting to open their markets
    • Led to greater distrust
  • Yalta Conference

    Yalta Conference

    • Polish Issue was discussed
    - Give Poland free election
    - inclusion of the London Poles in the Lublin Committee
    • Division of Germany into 4 zones (France, US, Soviets, British)
    • Reparation to be taken from Germany
  • Potsdam Conference

    Potsdam Conference

    (change in aims) • To treat Germany as a single economy and to allow goods to move around freely
    • To take reparations from each zones *changes in American policy reflected in US actions
    - “Get Tough” Policy
    - Iran
    - Germany
  • Soviet Union made further request for a loan

    Soviet Union made further request for a loan

    *DOLLAR DIPLOMACY • Was mysteriously lost by the State Department
  • Deadline for membership of the IMF and World Bank

    Deadline for membership of the IMF and World Bank

    *reaction to the Dollar Diplomacy • Soviets did not join
  • Truman’s New Year Resolutions

    Truman’s New Year Resolutions

    • He will “stop babying the Soviets”
  • The Long Telegram by George F. Kennan

    The Long Telegram by George F. Kennan

    • A historical analysis of Soviet aggression
  • The Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill

    The Iron Curtain Speech by Winston Churchill

    • Explain what the Soviets wanted to do behind the ‘Iron Curtain’
  • The Clifford-Elsey Report

    The Clifford-Elsey Report

    • Saw the Soviets as attempting world domination
  • Britain unable to continue giving aid to Greece and Turkey, leaving a vacuum

    Britain unable to continue giving aid to Greece and Turkey, leaving a vacuum

  • Truman Doctrine

    Truman Doctrine

    *First public declaration of containment • To gain support of the Congress in sending American money and military advisers to Greece and Turkey
    • 1st act of containment to be publicly announced.
    • Congress granted Truman $400 million, of which $250 million went to Greece, $150 million to Turkey
  • Stalin agreed to supply the Greek communist with small arms and ammunition

    Stalin agreed to supply the Greek communist with small arms and ammunition

  • Marshall Plan

    Marshall Plan

    • To create a captive market for American goods in Western Europe (Economic Reason)
    • To contain communism by giving economic support and assistance to Western Europe
    • Total Marshall Aid spending amounted to $13 million between 1948 and 1952– major recipients were Britain, France and Germany
    • HOWEVER, CONDITION IS:
    TO PROVIDE ECONOMIC RECORDS AND OPEN UP THEIR ECONOMY TO US CAPITALIST INTEREST (IMPOSSIBLE FOR COMMUNIST STATES TO DO SO)
  • Cominform

    Cominform

    *reaction to Truman Doctrine • To coordinate communist parties throughout Europe
    • To attempt to provide unity among socialist bloc
  • Molotov Plan

    Molotov Plan

    *reaction to Marshall Plan
  • Czechoslovakian Coup

    Czechoslovakian Coup

    • Staged by Czechoslovakian communists while the Red Army amassed outside Czechoslovakian borders
  • Introduction of New Currency into Germany by the US

    Introduction of New Currency into Germany by the US

  • Berlin Blockade

    Berlin Blockade

    • Severing of all roads, rails and canals with West Berlin to force the US, Britain and France to cancel their plans for a West German State (Gain territorial advantages)
    • At least dive the Western powers out of Berlin (Extract concessions)
    • Result of the Berlin Blockade
    - Berlin Airlift (food and fuel being flown into the city)
    - Acceleration of the formation for NATO
  • Comecon

    Comecon

    *reaction to Marshall Plan
  • The Brussels Treaty

    The Brussels Treaty

  • North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

    North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

    • Enlargement of the Brussels Treaty
    • Make it clear to the Soviets that there would be no returning to isolationism
  • Splitting of Germany into Democratic West Germany and Communist East Germany

    Splitting of Germany into Democratic West Germany and Communist East Germany

  • Rearming of West Germany

    Rearming of West Germany

  • Warsaw Pact

    Warsaw Pact

    • Saw the rearming of West Germany as a threat
    • Seen as a reaction to NATO TO A CERTAIN EXTENT ONLY