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Chinese and Greek philosophers noticed that when you put a light through a pinhole it projected images. Over the years philosophers around the world improved the pinhole camera. It only projected images and did not take pictures.
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Joseph Niepce used the Camera Obscura to take the first picture. Knowing that it changes colour when exposed to light he 'silver nitrate' to take it. It took 8 hours to develop.
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Building off of Joseph Niepce's idea, Louis Daguerre invented the Daguerreotype Camera. Using light exposure, it could develop an image 30 minutes.
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Frederick Scott Archer invented a way for a picture to be developed in seconds by creating a way for glass negatives to be developed.
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Edwin Herbert released the first polaroid camera. It was able to produce the photo in a minute and it printed from the camera itself.
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The first colored film Polaroid camera was released.
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Steven Sasson created the first digital camera. It only took pictures in black and white. It took about 20 seconds take a picture, saving each on a cassette tape.
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Fuji-film released the first disposable camera.
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The professional digital camera was made when Kodak and Nikon produced a camera system pairing Nikon bodies and Kodak digital sensors in place of a film.
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Samsung released the first cell phone with a camera in 2000. It was made in Japan. You could take pictures on the phone and access the photos by connecting your phone to a computer.
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The first iPhone was released June 29, 2007. Over time the camera quality has improved drastically since then. So far there have been 18 models of the iphone.