-
Period: to
Events of the Civil Rights Movement
-
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a war between the Union (Northern states) and the Confederate States of America (Southern states). The war was mainly over the topic of slavery. The war officially began when the Confederacy fired at Fort Sumter, a Union Fort, on April 12th, 1861. The gory war continued on for four years, and finally ended when all Confederate Generals surrendered in 1865. -
Emancipation Proclamation
On January 1st, 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation went into affect. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln. The Emancipation Proclamation freed all slaves in rebellious states. -
Battle of Fort Pillow
The Battle of Fort Pillow was a gory battle followed by a massacre. The battle was fought when Confederate Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest started a cavalry raid with the goal of capturing Union supplies and prisoners, and to destroy posts. Even after Union forces surrendered, Forrest led his men and massacred Union forces in what could be called a mass lynching. The wounded and remaining soldiers were taken prisoner. -
Plessy Vs. Ferguson
The Plessy Vs. Ferguson court case is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision. This decision fortified the "seperate but equal" state laws. These laws said that as long as the races had equal public facilities, then it was fair for them to be seperated. Homer Plessy, who was one-eights African-American, sat in the whites-only car, and refused to move. Plessy was arrested and the case was taken to the Supreme Court of Louisiana. It was decided that "seperate but equal" was constitutional. -
First Meeting of the Niagra Movement
The first meeting of the Niagra Movement was in July,1905. the Niagra Movement was a black civil rights organization. It was founded by William Monroe Trotter and W.E.B Du Bois. The Niagra Movement was meant to bring an end to racial segregation and accomodation. -
Red Summer
The Red Summer refers to a series of race riots. These race rights happened in the summer and early autumn of 1919. Many times, Whites assaulted African Americans. These riots happened after wars, and there was an ongoing competition for jobs between Blacks and Whites. -
The Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a flourishment of African American arts and culture. This cultural movement existed throughout the 1920's. African American songs were blooming in culture. Religion played a major role during this time, affecting the development of culture. The affect of the Harlem Renaissance was that African Americans were given a "new identity". and were looked upon as intellectual and stereotypes were defyed. The African American race was "uplifted." -
The United Negro College Fund
The United Negro College Fund (UNCF) is a organization that pays for the scholarships of African American students. It was founded April 25th, 1944 by Fredrick D. Patterson. This organization still continues today. It has allowed many people to recieve equal education throughout the years. -
Rosa Parks Refuses to Give Up Her Seat
On December 1st, 1955, Rosa Parks sat in the white section of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. The bus driver ordered her to give her seat to a white passenger, and Parks refused. Rosa Parks was arrested, and she launched the Montgomery Bus Boycott and she became a icon in resistance against racial segregation and played a role in the Civil Rights Movement. -
"To Kill a Mockingbird" is Published.
"To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee was published on July 11th, 1960. This book was important in the Civil Rights Movement because of its reflections on racisim. The book discussed serious topics such as rape and racial inequality. It opened people's eyes to such serious problems at the time. -
Civil Rights Act
The Civil Rights Act was eneacted on July 2nd, 1964. The Civil rights Act called for all discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin to be outlawed. Unequal facilites and other segregational acts such as unequal voter registration requierments were outlawed, too. -
Martin Luther King. is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
On December 10th, 1964, Martin Luther King, Jr. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Martin Luther King, Jr. recieved the Nobel Peace Prize for his fight against racial inequality in a nonviolent way. -
Voting Rights Act
The Voting Rights Act outlawed racial discrimination in voting. This means it outlawed unfair racial discrimination in voting such as literacy tests and poll taxes. It was signed as a law by President Johnson on August 6th, 1965. -
Black History Month is established.
On Febuary 1st, 1976, Black History Month is established by Professor Carter Woodson's Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History. The purpose of Black History Month is to celebrate the historic African American culture and to remember important people and events tied into African American history.
