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The Proclamation of 1763 prevented anyone from making new settlements in the Appalachian Mountains and it required those who already had settlements there to make an attempt of peace with the Native Americans.
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The Sugar Act increased the duties that must be performed on imported sugar and other things. Some of these were textiles, coffee, wines, and indigo. The purpose of this was to offset the debt that was brought by the French and Indian war, and to help with the expenses that came with running colonies and territories.
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The Stamp Act was the first tax Americans would have to pay directly to England in 150 years. This was meant to help with some of the high costs of the British Military in America. All printed materials were given taxes. This caused Americans to unite and rebel.
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The Quartering act forced colonists to supply the British soldiers with food and shelter. Copy and paste for a short video: https://youtu.be/kykipTpk1YE
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The Sons of Liberty, an organization led by Samuel Adams, used violence to prevent British tax collectors from getting taxes and to stop colonists from buying British trade goods. These groups formed in many towns and cities.
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Representatives from 9 of the colonies gathered at the Federal Hall in New York and created a petition to repeal the Stamp Act and acts of 1764. The petition stated that only colonial legislatures could create taxes. The petition was to be sent to King George the Third.
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King George agreed to repeal the stamp act, so he signed a bill that repealed it. Yet, the parliament that same day passed the Declaratory Act, which gave them power to legislate laws in the colonies under any case whatsoever.
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The Townshend Acts laid out a whole other set of taxes for the Americans to pay. They were on things like paper, tea, glass, and lead. This was meant to help with the fees of protecting the colonies.
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In Boston and New York, merchants were urged to stop buying British goods until the Townshend Acts were repealed, and most did. They were also urged to arm themselves. Later, Philidepelphia joined this boycott.
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British soldiers shot into a group of colonists, which killed 5 and injured 6. In retaliation, these soldiers were harrassed by an angry crowd of colonists. The British soldiers fled Boston. The captain, Thomas Preston, with 8 of his men, were charged with murder. The lawyers John Adams and Josiah Quincy successfully defended Thomas and 6 of his men. The other two were found guilty, but were branded and released. The Townshend Acts were repealed, with the exception of the tax on tea.
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A British ship, the Gaspee, was attacked and set aflame by colonists off the shore of road island. A 500 pound offer was made to anybody who captured these colonists, who were to be sent to England for trial.
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At a Boston town meeting conducted by Sam Adams, a 21st member was conducted into the committee of correspondence to communicate with other colonies and towns.
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The Tea Act reinforced the taxes on British teas being imported into the Americas. It also helped the almost bankrupt British East India Company a new opportunity by being able to sell tea directly to Americans, cutting out the middleman merchants.
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Colonial activists dressed as Native Americans to sneak onto British tea ships and dump all 342 boxes of tea into the water.
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The coercive acts were created in retaliation to the Boston Tea Party. They banned all commercial shipping to Boston until the Americans payed for the loss of tea, including taxes.
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Bostonians decided to boycott British imports. British General Thomas Gage then demands Massachusetts under military rule, followed by British troops.
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The First Continental Congress gathers in Philadelphia, with 56 delegates representing every state other than Georgia. Among the delegates were George Washington, Sam Adams, John Hancock, and Patrick Henry. They declared that the coercive acts will not be obeyed, and encouraged the formation of militias.
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The English Parliament declared Massachusetts to be under a state of rebellion. So, Patrick Henry made a speech directed against British rule. He stated “Give me liberty, or give me death!’
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General George Gage of Britain ordered for the coercive acts to be enforced by whatever means necessary, and for all open acts of rebellion to be stopped.
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Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence was made official by congress.
