Europe and Russia

  • Jan 1, 1400

    1400 CE

  • Period: Jan 1, 1412 to May 30, 1431

    Joan of Arc

    Joan of Arc grew up at a French peasant girl, she led the French army to several victories in the Hundred Years War. She was burned at the stake for heresy when she was nineteen years old.
  • Period: Jan 1, 1455 to Jan 1, 1485

    Wars of the Roses

    The war between the House of York and the House of Lancaster for the English crown.
  • Jan 1, 1480

    Moscow Becomes Independent of Mongols

    The invention of firearms led Russian citizens to cast out Mongol rule.
  • Jan 1, 1543

    Nicolas Copernicus

    Polish astronomer Nicolas Copernicus shows that the earth revolves around the sun
  • Death of Ivan IV

    Ivan the Terrible was the first Russian ruler to be crowned Czar. Upon his death someone claimed to be his son gathered a following of cossacks and marched on Moscow.
  • Period: to

    The Thirty Years War

    Began as a religious civil war between Protestants and Roman Catholics in Germany. First the Danes, then the Swedes, then the French finally intervened and left Germany divided.
  • Portugal Revolts Against Spain

    Portugal revolts against Spain, while technically independent, they were being led by the Spanish king.
  • Great Fire of London

    The fire started on Sep. 2 and burnt down most of London, including 13,200 houses, 87 churches, and St. Paul's Cathedral. Only six verified deaths were recorded.
  • Period: to

    The Great Northern War

    The Swedes fought against the Russians, and there were multiple battles, that each had different victors. In the end, Russia beat the Swedes with a final battle, that caused the Swedes to escape to Turkey.
  • Period: to

    Turkish Wars

    Russia got into three different wars with the Turkish empire. Russia defeated the Ottomans and the Turks all three times.
  • Smallpox Vaccine

    Edward Jenner developed the smallpox vaccine after observing that those with cowpox did not contract smallpox.
  • Slave Trade Act

    The UK Parliament passed this act to abolish slavery in the UK.
  • Stephenson's Rocket

    George Stephenson built the most advanced steam locomotive of the time for use by the Liverpool & Manchester Railway
  • Eiffel Tower Built in Paris

    The Eiffel tower was built by Gustave Eiffel for the World's Fair.
  • Albert Einstein Developed Special Theory of Relativity

    Einstein developed this theory describing the physical theory of measurement in an internal frame of reference.
  • Period: to

    World War I

    The war started with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and ended with the founding of the Weimar Republic of Germany.
  • Russian Economic Collapse

    5 million Russian citizens die from famine due to complete economic collapse.
  • Discovery of Penicillin

    Alexander Fleming discovered a halo of inhibition of bacterial growth around a contaminant mould on a Staphylococcus plate culture. He concentrated the mould and named it Penicillin.
  • Women's Suffrage Granted in England

    After the 1832 Reform Act, women were not allowed to vote. It was not until after the beginnings of World War I that women were granted the right again.
  • Germany Invades Poland

    In 1939, Adolf Hitler led the Germans into Poland, marking the beginning of World War II.
  • Period: to

    World War II

    The war started with Germany invading Poland and ended after America dropped the atomic bombs on Japan.
  • Period: to

    The Cold War

    The Cold War was a sustained state of political and military tension between powers of the Western world.
  • Soviet Hydrogen Bomb

    The first successful test of a hydrogen bomb
  • Launch of Sputnik 1

    The Soviet Union launches the first Earth satellite into space.
  • First Man in Space

    Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space.
  • Chernobyl Meltdown

    The meltdown of a nuclear reactor in Ukraine, then under direct control of the Soviet Union, caused the release of a large of amount of radiation in the atmosphere.
  • 1990 CE