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Harvard
1st colonial college -
Early education
Towns of more than fifty families were required to provide elementary education, and a majority of the adults knew how to read and write. As early as 1636, just eight years after the colony’s founding, the Massachusetts Puritans established Harvard Col- lege, today the oldest corporation in America, to train local boys for the ministry. -
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Colonial Colleges
There were 9, Harvard, William and Mary, Yale, Princeton, Pennsylvania, Columbia, Brown, Rutgers, and Dartmouth -
Yale
3rd -
Princeton
4th -
Dartmouth
Last colonial college -
Women's education
Educational opportunities for women expanded, in the expectation that educated wives and mothers could better cultivate the virtues demanded by the Republic in their husbands, daughters, and sons. Republican women now bore crucial responsibility for the survival of the nation. -
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Washington
1st president -
The first state-supported universities sprang up in the South
North Carolina was the first in 1795 and federal land grants nourished the growth of state institutions of higher learning. -
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Adams
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Jefferson
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Madison
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Monroe
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Early Education
University of Virginia, founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson -
Women's Education
Women’s schools at the secondary level began to attain some respectability in the 1820s, thanks in part to the dedicated work of Emma Willard -
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JQ Adams
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Jackson
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Education
Ohio College jolted traditionalists in 1837 when it opened its doors to women as well as men. (Oberlin had already created shock waves by admitting black students.) In the same year, Mary Lyon established an outstanding women’s school, Mount Holyoke Seminary (later College), in South Hadley, Massachusetts. -
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Van Buren
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Oberiln College
Oberlin College (1837) is first co-ed institution -
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Buchanan
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MIT
Founded by William Barton Rogers 2 days before the civil war started -
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Lincoln
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Cleveland
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Education for freed slaves
Emancipation also meant education for many blacks. Learning to read and write had been a privi- lege generally denied to them under slavery. Freed- men wasted no time establishing societies for self-improvement, which undertook to raise funds to purchase land, build schoolhouses, and hire teachers.In North Carolina educa- tion society asserted that “a schoolhouse would be the first proof of their independence.” -
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Benjamin Harrison
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Cleveland 2nd term
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Plessy v. Ferguson
Separate but Equal facilities was constitutional. -
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McKinley
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Women's education
Women’s colleges such as Vassar were gaining ground, and universities open to both genders were blossoming, notably in the Midwest. By 1900 every fourth college graduate was a woman. -
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TR
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Dwight Ike
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Brown v. Board of Education
Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, separate facilities couldn't be equal. -
Little Rock 9
Desegregation in a highschool where 9 african american students enrolled. Ike sent troops to protect them, -
Integration in schools
By the turn of the century as well, the black institutes and academies planted during Reconstruction had blossomed into a crop of southern black colleges. Howard University in Washington, D.C., Hampton Institute in Virginia, Atlanta University, and numer- ous others nurtured higher education for blacks until the civil rights movement of the 1960s made attendance at white institutions possible. -
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Nixon
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Title IX of the Education Amendments
1972 Congress passed Title IX of the Education Amendments, prohibiting sex discrimination in any federally assisted education program or activity. -
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George H.W. BUsh
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Colleges in the 1990's
By the 1990s colleges were awarding nearly a million degrees a year, and one person in four in the twenty-five-to-thirty-four- year-old age group was a college graduate. This expanding mass of educated people lifted the econ- omy to more advanced levels while creating con- sumers of “high culture.” -
Bush and Scholarships
In 1990 Bush’s Department of Education challenged the legality of college scholarships targeted for racial minorities. Bush repeatedly threatened to veto civil rights legislation that would make it easier for employees to prove discrimination in hiring and promotion practices. -
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No child left behind
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George W. Bush
