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Basic information about their Calvinist religion
The General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony decrees that every town of fifty families should have an elementary school and that every town of 100 families should have a Latin school. -
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson proposes a two-track educational system, with different tracks in his words for "the laboring and the learned." -
Free schooling
Pennsylvania state constitution calls for free public education but only for poor children. It is expected that rich people will pay for their children's schooling. -
Petitions
A petition presented in the Boston Town Meeting calls for establishing of a system of free public primary schools. -
High School
First public high school in the U.S., Boston English, opens -
Public School
Massachusetts passes a law making all grades of public school open to all pupils free of charge. -
State of Massachusetts passes first its compulsory education law.
The goal is to make sure that the children of poor immigrants get "civilized" and learn obedience and restraint, so they make good workers and don't contribute to social upheaval. -
One room school houses and the blackboard
A single teacher taught academic basics to several grades levels of primary-age children -
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African Americans mobilize to bring public education to the South
After the Civil War, and with the legal end of slavery, African Americans in the South make alliances with white Republicans to push for many political changes, including for the first time rewriting state constitutions to guarantee free public education. In practice, white children benefit more than Black children. -
a Chair in mathematics education
a Chair in mathematics education was created at the University of Göttingen, under the administration of Felix Klein -
Chinese Immigrants
The U.S. Supreme Court requires California to extend public education to the children of Chinese immigrants. -
Radio
On air classes became available for any student -
Overhead Projectors
Used to display images in the classroom -
ballpoint pens
invented and patented by Laszlo Biro -
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Filmstrips
still image instructional multimedia, once used by educators in primary and secondary schools -
Schools began instructional television (ITV)
The three basic types of ITV include broadcast programming, classroom-specific programming and distance learning. Although not interactive, classroom television programs can be used to introduce and help generate student interest in a topic, as well as present age-appropriate events in real time. -
Videotapes
Magnetic tapes were used to store motion images and sound -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
The Supreme Court unanimously agrees that segregated schools are "inherently unequal" and must be abolished. Almost 45 years later in 1998, schools, especially in the north, are as segregated as ever. -
B.F. Skinner's Teaching Machine
Its aim was to improve teaching methods for spelling, math, and other school subjects by using a mechanical device -
Photocopier
making paper copies of documents and pictures -
Roger Appeldorn
Roger Appeldorn, an employee of the 3M Company, invented the overhead projector -
Whiteboards
The replacement of blackboards with whiteboards started in the early 60's -
African American parents and white teachers clash
African American parents and white teachers clash in the Ocean Hill-Brownsville area of New York City, over the issue of community control of the schools. Teachers go on strike, and the community organizes freedom schools while the public schools are closed. -
Milliken v. Bradley
A Supreme Court made up of Richard Nixon's appointees rules that schools may not be desegregated across school districts. This effectively legally segregates students of color in inner-city districts from white students in wealthier white suburban districts. -
Apple 1
Apple Inc began donating Apple 1 model desktop PCs to schools. -
Proposition 187 passes in California
Proposition 187 passes in California, making it illegal for children of undocumented immigrants to attend public school. Federal courts hold Proposition 187 unconstitutional, but anti-immigrant feeling spreads across the country. -
California passes Proposition 209
California passes Proposition 209, which outlaws affirmative action in public employment, public contracting and public education. Other states jump on the bandwagon with their own initiatives and right wing elements hope to pass similar legislation on a federal level. -
California again!
This time a multi-millionaire named Ron Unz manages to put a measure on the June 1998 ballot outlawing bilingual education in California. -
Social Media
MySpace was introduced first with Facebook and Twitter following. Many schools are restricting access to social media, while others have embraced them, -
iPads and Tablets
The popular tablet allowed pupils to record high quality videos and podcast, improve research on the Internet, create great reports, presentations and many other things. -
Raspberry Pi
The pocket-sized computers are promoting the teaching of basic computer science in the classroom -
BBC micro:bit
The ARM-based embedded system is used in computer education to encourage pupils to get involved in writing software