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"Connectivism is the integration of principles explored by chaos, network, and complexity and self-organization theories (Siemens, 2005)." This was the first internet-native learning theory. It helped people understand that reworking new technology into a realm people could use for education was an option, versus trying to force technology into outdated, already existing practices (Weller, 2018). -
Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) "is a concept in education that refers to the learning space created by an individual to support their personal and professional growth (Teachfloor)." This includes both online tools and resources. -
MOOCs, or massive open online courses, are free online courses that anyone can enroll in for educational experiences such as learning new skills or career development (MOOC.org). -
Free digital versions of textbooks that are openly liscensed to be freely used and shared (Weller, 2018).. -
This allowed educators to have feedback on student engagement, such as repeatedly going back to resources, in order to provide data on what is effective (Weller, 2018).. -
Verifiable badges that are linked to achievement and evidence (Weller, 2018).