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Children were not given a long childhood, expected to get into the work world to help support the family. (taught how to survive)
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No educational system church was in charge. children were thought needed to be punished and corrected.
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Basic education for the poor and girls.
Printing press invented which made reading a household thing, parents read stories to their children. Idea of universal eductaion and literacy. -
Suggested many revolutionary ideas like, all towns should have schools, both genders should be educated, schools should encourage intellectual, physical, religious, emotional, and social ideaolgies.
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children began to live longer.
Reading, writing and math become subjects taught to children. It was recognized that parents could not teach children themselves. -
“To seek and find a method by which the teachers teach less and the learners learn more, by which the schools have less noise, obstinacy, and frustrated endeavor, but more leisure, pleasantness” first years of life our crucial to development
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Children were taught to read the bible by their fathers to disencourage evil behaviors.
schools were for boys and for the rich. Mostly based upon religious beliefs. -
Blank slate theory came about. Hands on learning was important parents were thought to be the best teachers and were let to develop naturally.
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Education should be post poned until a child is 12, during this time they shouldn't have books and should learn from natural settings.
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Modeled practices currently used in early care and education:
Careful observation of children
Recognizing the potential in each child
Strengthening peer relations
Sensory learning -
Created circle time for kindergarteners thought music should be incorporated to break up class time, teach concepts
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Children learn best by learning. Upper middle class went to school. Developmental milestones become important. Reading instruction should begin in second grade.
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psychoanalysis
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Progressive Movement ideas
Education should be integrated with life
Education should preserve social values
True education occurs in social situations
Children’s instincts and powers create starting points for education
Active learning is essential -
Education should be integrated with life
Education should preserve social values
True education occurs in social situations
Children’s instincts and powers create starting points for education
Active learning is essential -
Emphasized outdoor play
Believed in facilitating emotional development
Parent involvement
Children’s art -
Founded the National Association for Nursery Education, later renamed NAEYC and currently the largest and most influential organization for early care and education profession
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Helped special educations students prepare for testing
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Initiated excellent model program
Research children and their development
Train prospective nursery school teachers -
First normal school for teaching education.
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model for Head Start programs that included:
Child-sized equipment
Comprehensive program, including health care
Variety of materials (Froebel, Montessori, McMillan)
Full-day program
Work with parents -
concept of imaginary play
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child actively constructs
Learning as a social and collaborative endeavor
Learner-centered activities
Cross-disciplinary activities
Topics for inquiry driven by students’ interests
Emphasis on understanding and application
Authentic measures of assessment -
Play is a form of learning. Nurturing and Affection was centered around children. Because of WWI WWII nursery schools created to take care of children while moms were working.
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Education should be integrated with life
Education should preserve social values
True education occurs in social situations
Children’s instincts and powers create starting points for education
Active learning is essential -
hierrachy of needs
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Development in the early years of a childs life is extremely important.
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Mothers were pressured to stay home with children until they were around three. Lots of research going on about mental stimulation so moms were expected to help with mental health.
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created to take care of many mental problems being discovered in children in orphaneges.
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Consensus that America needed better education to catch up with Russian scientists
Renewed interest in preschool education
Overemphasis on intellectual performance -
ideas of the 1940's and 1950's are replaced
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Ground-breaking ideas about how young children can overcome bias
Strong influence on diversity education
published 1989 -
government initiated act to provide quality equal education to all children.