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This event started aggression against China & Indochina, their intention was to create a japanese sphere of economic domination, attempting to solve economic problems through expansion.
Important: Japan’s invasion of Manchuria led to U.S. embargoes of oil & iron-Japanese viewed these as threatening -
Hitler broke the Munich Pact when he invaded Czechoslovakia.
Germany used blitzkrieg warfare to quickly destroy France.
Important: led to France & Britain declaring war on Germany, also brought about the Neutrality Acts from FDR. -
Referred to as “The Night of Broken Glass”.
Nazis torched & trashed Jewish homes, schools & businesses. They also killed about 100 Jews
Important: Little action was taken to stop this & the Holocaust, resulting in the deaths of 6 million Jews & 5 million others. -
During the invasion Germany used a strategy known as blitzkrieg (overwhelmed the enemy). They then proceeded to invade France and launch devastating air raids on britain.
Important: Germany’s invasion of Poland on Sept. 1, 1939 led to France and Britain declaring war on Germany. -
Prevented the U.S from going into war & maintained Isolationism. Prohibited the sale of arms or lending of money to any country involved in military actions.
FDR wanted to have the acts amended in response to German aggression
Important: Helped the U.S remain isolated -
African Americans served in segregated units & faced discrimination as they trained.
Phillip Randolph threatened to organize a march on Washington demanding equality in war-time jobs.
Important: Prevented racial discrimination in the nation’s defense industry -
Showed Roosevelt's commitment to ending German & Japanese aggression
Roosevelt also met with Joseph Stalin to sign another document
Important: The alliance between the U.S & Great Britain strengthened after signing the Atlantic Charter -
Means the U.S can lend & sell supplies to the allies to protect our interests
The U.S transitioned into wartime economy before our entry into the war.
Important: U.S became the arsenal of democracy. -
“a date which will live in infamy “. A surprise attack by Japanese in response to US embargoes. 2400 Americans killed, 1300 wounded, 19 US ships sunk or damaged in the attack
Important: led to US declaration of war on Japan, Germany then declared war on U.S. -
Issued by FDR, this order forced Japanese residents and Americans of Japanese descent to sell their property & belongings and report for deportation to camps in the inland deserts.
Important: authorized the internment of Americans of Japanese descent and resident aliens from Japan. -
The United States strategy of island hopping led to the battle of Midway & turned out to be a victory and one of the most important battles, it also put Japanese on the defensive.
Important: Stopped the Japanese advance -
Was an invasion of North Africa to protect oil interests.
Was also to free the Mediterranean Sea from German control
Important: American & British landings in Italy opened up new fronts -
Provided the long-awaited western front
Germany was engaged on 3 fronts & had to divert resources
Important: More progress was made in the fight to Berlin. -
Last German offensive & the beginning of the end for the Nazis
Hitler committed suicide as British, French & American armies neared
Important: led to the post war division of Berlin & Germany, Cold War tensions began. -
Japanese American Fred Korematsu refused to leave his home under the executive order 9066, because it violated his constitutional rights. So he took his case to court but lost.
Important: This case led to the supreme court making the japanese internment constitutional. -
Churchill, FDR, & Stalin met to plan strategy and later post war plans, they planned to defeat europe.
Important: was the beginning of post war European Plans -
President Truman decided to drop the bombs to prevent further fighting & the loss of more American lives
Japanese surrendered unconditionally
Important: U.S assisted in rebuilding & establishing a democracy & gained an ally -
Organized with the help of US, intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation
Important: It created and maintained international order -
People were put on trial for crimes they committed, a precedent was set that said individuals are responsible for their own actions, and went on for future war crimes.
Important: Established the precedent ( individuals are responsible for their own actions ) -
Was first applied when the U.S supplied military & financial aid to Greece & Turkey.
Important: A pledge to contain communism in Europe -
Offered financial aid to promote economic rebuilding
Also known as the Economic Recovery plan & was proposed by George Marshall
Important: Was to prevent the fall of European countries to commnunism -
The creation of the Jewish state of Israel shows the US support of self determination of the Jewish people
Important: This demonstrated the impact of German war crimes on the conscience of the US & the world. -
The U.S supplied the people of Berlin with food & water by air drops.
Important:The U.S won the first Cold War confrontation with this -
North Atlantic Treaty Organization established by the US, was an alliance aimed at the soviet union, which later caused soviet union to organize Warsaw pact
Important: established a military alliance aimed at the Soviet Union -
The test of the atomic bomb led the United States to accelerate the development of the hydrogen bomb.
Important: It began the nuclear arms race -
Communist North Korea invaded South Korea, this invasion led Truman to think that it had been orchestrated by soviet union, leaving the United Nations to take action.
Important: Conflict ended with peace negotiations ended with North Korean forces contained above the 38th parallel, a victory for containment, -
President Eisenhower intervened in the Suez Crisis
Suez Crisis was when Isreali troops push into Egypt towards Suez Canal after Egypt had nationalized it.
Important: extended containment to the Middle East -
U.S congress passed the National Defense Education Act as a result
U.S eventually took the lead in the Space Race once they landed on the moon.
Important: Began the Space Race -
Passed as a result of the launch of Sputnik
Promoted science & math skills & counteracted the fear that consumerism had mad Americans less competitive & less likely to win the Arms Race.
Important: Helped us get on the moon. -
The Berlin Wall divided Europe, it kept people of the eastern block from escaping to freedom in the west through Berlin.
Important: It was a physical symbol of the cold war -
Soviet invaded Afghanistan to prop up a friendly government, Afghanistan had support from the US because of containment
Important: Soviets try to prop of govt/ US supports Afghan resistance movement -
The wall that separated East & West Germany has now fallen and the cold war has ended
Important: The end of the Cold War