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Congress of Racial Equality Founded (CORE)
-Civil Rights: goal to protect individual freedom from the government
-A group of students founded
-Counseled migrants and black social workers
-First action sit-in at segregated coffee shop -
Dodgers Play Jackie Robinson
-Jackie Robinson, first black man to play a major league game
-Broke color barrier in 1947
-He began his career in the Negro leagues after WWll
-People on other team tried hitting him with the baseball because he was black -
Executive Order 9981
-Harry Truman ending segregation in the military
-Ending segregation in the military wasn't easy at all
-Many GI's went home and got a lot of hate
-Ending Segregation wasn't Truman's goal but it was important and needed to be done -
Advocates for Black Nationalism
-Malcom X
-In jail he was introduced to the teachings of Elijah Muhammad, the leader of Nation of Islam
-He joined the Nation of Islam in 1952 -
Brown v. Board of Education Ruling
-Thurgood Marshall, argued for Brown in the case. NAACP's lawyer.
-Linda Brown wanted to go to a white school to her home, case was argued in front of Warren court
-Public Schools became de-segregated -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
-Rosa Parks and African Americans that refused to give up their seat
-On December 5th 90 percent of African Americans who usually rode the bus honored the boycott
-Martin Luther King was 26 years old when they chose him to lead the Bus Boycott -
Integration of Central High School
-The Little Rock 9, a group of 9 black students that went to a white school
-2,000 whites at Central High school and only 9 of them were black
-The Whites tried to stop the 9 people from going to school, even the military -
First lunch counter sit-in
-African Americans were involved in the sit-ins
-The 4 black men sat at the lunch counter the whole day and didn't get served
-The South was the first place to start integrating its public facilities
-The Sit-ins were involved with the Jim Crow Laws because The King was trying to get the blacks to be able to do everything the whites could do -
Freedom Riders
-7 blacks and 6 whites, a group from the North that wanted to test their civil rights
-Wanted to test to see if the Southerners would break the new law and commit Civil Disobedience
-They were attacked by a mob of black people that were not SNCC -
Birmingham Campaign
-Blacks and Activists were affected
-18 bombings in black neighborhoods
-The King of Birmingham got put in jail for pretesting
-The SCLC joined the activists and tried to stop violence -
March of Washington
-250,000 protestors that wanted "freedom and jobs"
-The King inspired the nation with the "I have a dream" speech
-Jackie Robinson and Rosa Parks were there to support the King too
-All the people that went to march were all apart of the NAACP -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
-Martin Luther King and African Americans
-On August 28th 250,000 people gathered to protest
-60,000 of those people were white
-Plessy v. Ferguson connected to Civil Rights Act because Martin Luther King wanted all blacks to be free and have jobs -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
-African Americans
-By February more than 3,000 had been arrested
-Less than 7% of Mississippi's eligible black voters were registered to vote
-African Americans were disenfranchised -
Watts Riot
-African Americans and their housing
-Most African Americans lived in Ghettos
-The Commission came to be known as the Kerner Commission after its leader -
Black Panther Party Founded
-Bobby Seale and Huey Newton were the founders of the Black Panther Party
-Black Power meant the power to shape public policy through the political process
-In the Mid 1970's the Black Panther Party fell through -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
-African Americans and the discrimination of housing sales and rentals
-A day after Martin Luther Kings death the Civil Rights Act of 1968 got confirmed
-1.2% of black children in the South attended integrated schools -
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of Education
-African Americans going to schools and the government trying to make schools more balanced with desegregation
-In 1974 a judge ordered the busing of 17,000 Boston school children to desegregate the city's schools
-That fall 90% of students boycotted classes -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
-Whites and Minorities seeking jobs
-Employers had to use Affirmative Action; hiring more minorities
-Bakke sued the school for reverse discrimination
