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Abolitionist Thomas Paine's African Slavery in America published in the Pennsylvania Journal and the Weekly Advertiser.
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Dred Scott takes the slave freedom battle to court. He fails because he is not a citizen because he is black.
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The Civil War begins.
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Abraham Lincoln says one of his most famous speeches of all time. He also declares all slaves free and anyone who owns slaves is doing so illegally.
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Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in Ford’s Theatre by John Wilkes Booth.
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Amendment that granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,”.
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This act “guarantees” equal rights for African Americans in restaurants, inns, public transportation, and juries.
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Chinese American workers were not allowed to leave America unless they had family in China.
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Case that started segregation under the seperate but equal clause. Start of Jim Crow.
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Booker T Washington writes Up From Slavery
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A mexican ambassador protests the mistreatment and lynchings of mexicans in America.
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Jeanette Rankin is the first woman to be a member of Congress.
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Women gain right to vote.
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Rodney King was a victim of police brutality that was caught on tape. The 4 cops on tape were acquitted, this caused thousands of people in the LA area to riot.
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President Roosevelt issued executive order banning discrimination against minorities in defense contracts.
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Jackie Robinson becomes the first African American to play Major League Baseball
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President Truman signs executive order 9981 which states that “... there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin” , ending segregation in the army
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Segregation is school is deemed illegal by the Supreme Court.
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23 black children are prevented from attending all-white elementary schools, defying the recent U.S. Supreme Court ruling
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Wilmington, Delaware school board decides to end segregation
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A 14yr old African American boy was murdered for allegedly whistling at a white woman
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Rosa Parks refuses to give her seat up to a white man, this was the catalyst that caused the montgomery bus boycott
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After over a year the montgomery bus boycotts finally end with buses being fully integrated
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Martin Luther King Jr is arrested for protesting in the city without a permit
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Little Rock, Ark., Central High School meet with legal resistance and violence; Gov. Orval Faubus predicts "blood will run in the streets" if African Americans push effort to integrate. On Sept. 24, federal troops mobilize to protect the nine African American students at the high school from white mobs trying to block the school's integration.
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Volunteers would ride on public transportation to test the laws that made discrimination on interstate travel illegal. These riders were sometimes attacked.
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Police attack Florida A&M anti-segregation demonstrators with tear gas; arrest 257
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Dr. King's Letter from Birmingham Jail is completed
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MLK jr does his famous “I have a dream speech,
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James Meredith a black civil rights figure enrolled at the university of mississippi causing riots
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The SNCC organizes organizes a voter drive in mississippi known as the freedom summer
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Martin Luther King, Jr. is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on December 10 by the Nobel Foundation.
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Malcolm X is assassinated at the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem
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MLK jr leads a march to the pettus bridge
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25,000 more people join the selma marchers at the montgomery city limits
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Race Riots occur in LA
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Black Panther Militants are founded
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The term Black Power is used for the first time
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In Loving vs Virginia ban on interracial marriages becomes illegal for remaining 12 states that held the ban
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Thurgood Marshall becomes the first African American Justice appointed to the Supreme Court on September 1
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Cal stokes becomes the first african american mayor of a city
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In early April 1968, U.S. civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. had been assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee.
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A June 27 police raid on the Stonewall Inn, a Greenwich Village bar catering to homosexuals, results in two nights of rioting and is the symbolic beginning of the gay rights movement. The event is commemorated each year by Gay Pride demonstrations across the nation.
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In Swann vs Charlotte Mcklenburg Board of Education, the supreme court upholds the practice of busing as means of achieving racial integration
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The supreme court upholds The University of Michigan Law School’s policy that race can be a determining factor in selecting admittance. (5-4)
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Rosa Parks dies at 92
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Ricci vs DeStefano strikes rules 5-4 in favor of firefighters suing in claim to be victims of ‘reverse discrimination’ Advancement exams were thrown out when it was found that few minority firefighters qualified for advancement.
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Shelby County vs Holder strikes down Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act in a 5-4 supreme court decision
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Black Lives Matter activist group formed
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Supreme Court rules internment camps are necessary for war
