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15 years old and pregnant Claudette Colvin refused to give her seat up to a white passenger on a bus in Pine Level, AL https://blog.sunyulster.edu/wp-content/cache/all/claudette-colvin-the-first-cry-for-justice/index.html
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Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in Pine Level, AL.
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Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) is created by E. D. Nixon & Jo Ann Robinson, which is an organization to boycott the bus system in Alabama following the events of Colvins & Parks. They raised funds and ensured those that boycotted had rides on car pools.
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/montgomery-improvement-association-1955-1969/. -
Lasting from 12/5/1955 to 11/13/1956, when finally the US Supreme Court ruled that Alabama's bus segregation laws were a violation of the 14th amendment & therefore the US constitution (History). https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/rosa-parks-ignites-bus-boycot
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Martin Luther King Jr. becomes spokesperson for Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) in Alabama
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Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) was created after John Patterson outlawed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in the state . https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/alabama-christian-movement-human-rights-acmhr#:~:text=The%20ACMHR%20was%20founded%20in,leaders%20at%20Sardis%20Baptist%20Church.
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The Southern Christian Leadership Conference created in 1957 by Martin Luther King Jr., which was an organization for civil rights of African Americans https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/montgomery-bus-boycott.
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Martin Luther King Jr. becomes prominent national civil rights activist leader due to his role in the MIA and Montgomery Bus Boycotts https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/montgomery-bus-boycott
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Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) joined with Birmingham, Alabama’s existing local movement, the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR), in a massive direct action campaign to attack the city’s segregation system by putting pressure on Birmingham’s merchants during the Easter season. https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/birmingham-campaign
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The March on Washington was a massive protest march that occurred in August 1963, when some 250,000 people gathered in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. Also known as the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the event aimed to draw attention to continuing challenges and inequalities faced by African Americans a century after emancipation. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/march-on-washington