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Evil spirits
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Prayer, blood letting
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Digitals- for heart
Quinine- digestion
Belladonna and atropine- digestion
Morphine- pain -
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Egyptians were the earliest people to keep accurate health records. The priests acted as physicians. To heal they used medicine for diseases, learned how to splint fractures, and did blood letting which is where they would use leeches to treat disorders.
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The early medical pioneers used stone tools for acupuncture. Eventually there methods advanced.
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The Greeks first thought that the cause of illness was spiritual but they eventually searched for new information and found that it was natural. Religious custom did not allow bodies to be dissected. Hippocrates wrote the standard ethics called the oath of Hippocrates, physicians today still take this oath.
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They built sewers and public baths with filtering systems. They would send medical equipment and physicians with their armies to care for wounded soldiers. They eventually built buildings to help aid people which were hospitals.
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When the Roman Empire was conquered by the Huns, the study of medical science stopped. Medicine was only convents and monasteries because the church believed that life and death were in gods hands.
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The primary treatment was prayer
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Epidemics caused millions of deaths during this time. There were diseases such as bubonic plague, smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, and tuberculosis. The bubonic plague alone killed 60 million people.
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During this period they had many developments such as building universities and medical schools for research, acceptance of dissection of the body for study, and the development of the printing press and the publishing of books. These changes influenced the future of medical science.
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Leonardo da Vinci studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
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Gabriele Fallopius discovered the fallopian tubes of the female anatomy
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Bartolommeo Eustachio Discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat
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William Harvey used knowledge to understand physiology, and he was able to describe the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart
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Antonio von Leeuwenhoek Invented the microscope, establishing that there is life smaller than the eye can see
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Epothecaries engaged in a flourishing trade in drugs and spices from the east
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Discovers bifocals, and found that colds could be passed from person to person
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Students not only attended lectures in the classroom but also observed bodies that passed away so they could dissect the body and be able to observe the disease process
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Discovered the element of oxygen
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Discovered a method of vaccination for smallpox
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Invented the stethoscope
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Identified the cause of childbed fever
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Attracted well-educated, dedicated women to the nightingale school of nursing.
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Discovered that tiny microorganisms were everywhere.
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Discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms that cannot be seen with a microscope.
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Learned about Pasteur’s discovery that microorganisms cause infection.
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Developed asepsis
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Discovered many disease-causing organisms
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Discovered the effect of medicine on disease-causing microorganisms
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Discovered x-rays in 1895
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Early physicians used herbs, hashish, and alcohol to help relieve the pain of surgery
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Found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria
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Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind
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Discovered sulfonamide compounds
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Discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis
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Used a live polio virus vaccine, which is more affective
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Discovered the molecular structure of DNA, based on its known double helix
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Performed the first successful heart transplant in 1968
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Continues to be a pioneer in separating Siamese twins, and performing Hemispherectomies, surgeries on the brain to stop seizures
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The first HPV vaccination was approved in 2006
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Surgery assisted by a robot to help with smaller incisions
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Help see inside a woman’s stomach
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Insulin patches
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Procedure that slows Alzheimer’s down