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Antoine Lavoisier was a French chemist who had a big impact on the history of chemistry and biology. He is most recognized for his discovery of the role oxygen plays in combustion; He recognized and named oxygen and hydrogen.
http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/early-chemistry-and-gases/lavoisier.aspx -
Joseph Proust was a French Chemist best known for his discovery of the law of constant composition in 1799. He concluded that chemical compounds always combine in constant proportions.
http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/proust.html -
John Dalton was an English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist, who is best known for his work in the development of modern atomic theory. Also his research into colour blindness, which is sometimes referred to as Daltonism.
http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/the-path-to-the-periodic-table/dalton.aspx -
Michael Faraday was an English scientist who contributed to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism and electrolysis.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Faraday -
John Dalton developed a hypothesis that atoms are a type of solid sphere. He has four primary statements in his theory, including that atoms are responsible for making up all matter, that atoms join to form compounds, that within the same mass, all atoms are identical and that atoms are indivisible.
http://thehistoryoftheatomicmodel.weebly.com/the-solid-sphere-model.html -
Henri Becquerel was a physicist who discovered radioactivity. The SI unit for radioactivity, the becquerel (Bq), is named after him.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1903/becquerel-facts.html -
JJ Thomson was an english physicist who showed that cathode rays were composed of previously unknown negatively charged particles. He is credited with discovering and identifying the electron and with the discovery of the first subatomic particle.
http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/atomic-and-nuclear-structure/thomson.aspx -
Max Planck was a German theoretical physicist who originated quantum theory. Planck made many contributions to theoretical physics, but was mainly known for the quantum theory.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1918/planck-bio.html -
was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist Marie Curie who conducted research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and only woman to win twice,
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1903/marie-curie-bio.html -
Robert Millikan was an American experimental physicist who performed many experiments to determine the electric charge carried by a single electron. He was known for his measurement of the electric charge and for his work on the photoelectric effect.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1923/millikan-bio.html -
Ernest Rutherford British physicist who theorized that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus, Later becoming known as the father of nuclear physics.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html -
Lisa Meitner was an Austrian physicist who worked on radioactivity and nuclear physics. She worked on "transuranium-elements" which led to the radiochemical discovery of the nuclear fission of uranium and thorium.
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Bios/Meitner.shtml -
Otto Hahn was a German chemist known for the discovery of radiochemical proof of nuclear fission. After World War II, he fought against the use of nuclear energy as a weapon.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1944/hahn-bio.html -
Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physic. Einstein is best known for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1921/einstein-bio.html -
Niels Bohr was a Danish physicist who helped set the foundatiuon for understanding atomic structure and quantum theory. He developed the Bohr Model of the atom.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1922/bohr-bio.html -
Erwin Scrodinger was an Austrian physicist who developed a number of fundamental results in the quantum theory. This formed wave mechanics and then he developed the wave equation.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1933/schrodinger-bio.html -
James Chadwick was an English physicist who discovered the neutron. He wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspired the U.S. government to begin atomic bomb research.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1935/chadwick-bio.html -
Louis DeBroglie was a French physicist who made crucial contributions to quantum theory. In a thesis he proposed the wave nature of electrons and suggested that all matter has wave properties.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1929/broglie-bio.html -
The plum pudding model is a scientific model of the atom proposed by J. J. Thomson in 1904. In this model, the atom is composed of electrons surrounded by positively charged to balance the electrons' negative charges.
http://www-outreach.phy.cam.ac.uk/camphy/nucleus/nucleus1_1.htm -
Gen T. Seaborg was an American chemist who was involved in the discovery of the ten transuranium elements. His work with those elements led to the development of the actinide concept and the arrangement of the actinide series on the periodic table of the elements.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1951/seaborg-bio.html -
Bohr's planetary model of the atom had all of the protons and neutrons collected together in a nucleus at the center of the atom. Then it had the electrons moving around the nucleus in circular paths.
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The Quantum Mechanical Model was founded by DeBroglie. The quantum mechanical model is based on quantum theory, which says matter also has properties associated with waves. According to quantum theory, it’s impossible to know the exact position and momentum of an electron at the same time.
http://www.nuffieldfoundation.org/practical-physics/atom-%E2%80%93-quantum-mechanical-model -
The Electron Cloud Model was invented by Erwin Schrodinger and shows all the positions where an electron might be. This is what generates a cloud of possible locations that gets denser as it approaches the nucleus.
http://study.com/academy/lesson/electron-cloud-definition-model-theory.html
