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" Dalton discovered that oxygen combined with either one or two volumes of nitric oxide in closed vessels over water and this pioneering observation of integral multiple proportions provided important experimental evidence for his incipient atomic ideas" PubMed
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John Dalton proposed his atomic theory which stated "elements are composed of indivisible particles called atoms each with a unique mass" Khan Academy -
J.J discovers that atoms have smaller components, electrons. -
J.J created an atomic model that showed atoms as a "plum pudding" where the plums being the negatively charged electrons and the pudding being the positive charge -
"The gold foil experiment demonstrated that atoms have a small dense nucleus at their center, which contains most of the atom's mass and is positively charged. This groundbreaking discovery fundamentally reshaped our understanding of atomic structure." -
Bohr made the Bohr model which was a more "accurate" description of atomic structure. It shows us a lot about electron orbits