Alan Turing made a machine that could figure out any calculations
Arthur Samuel develops a checkers playing program that can learn from its mistakes
Turing suggests that machines might oneday process intelligence
W. Grey Walter creates a "tortoise" that moves under its own power until it runs low
John McCarthy of Dartmouth College (US) coins the term artificial intelligence
LISP (LISt Processing) the most commonly used AI language is introduced my McCarthy
Dr Norbert Weiner suggest that computers that couple think like humans would be "both affective and dangerous"
Samule beaten by his checkers playing program; other develop into game playing theory
Dr Frank Rosenblatt demonstrates that perceptrons coupled to a simple neural network can be programmed by example to recognise visual patterns
Dr Weizenbaum of MIT designs ELIZA
Fuzzy logic introduced by Zadeh to explain some of the situations where a Yes/No answer will no suffice
Work begun on DENDRAL, first expert systam
Minsky and Papert prove perceptrons could not be used as the basis for a general computer effectively ending research into neural networks for 15 years
Terry Winograd at MIT develops SHRUDLU,AN NL interface to an inaginary 'block world' that was the first to demonstrate that a machine could have any real gasp of language
the AI language PROLOG (programmed logic) developed
MYCIN, an expert system diagnose bacterial infections is produced
Hearsay, a speech understanding program is introduced
work starts on Shear Magic, a sheep shearing robot (WA)
BKG 9.8, a backgammon playing program defeats the (human) world champion
developments in knowledge engineering and influence systems help repark interest in the potential for AI
Japan announces the $M400 Fifth Generation Project to, over ten years, put a core computer in every home and small buisness
Q&A, a natural language based PC database program is introduced
develpos with ANNs lead to significant advances into solving problems associated with problem solving
US military use AI based technology in weapons systems such as missiles and jet fighters
voice and character recognition used in home computers
ALICE, an open source NL AI chart robot, wins the Loebner Prize for the Turing test
DARPA introduces the DARPA Grand Challenge requiring competitors to produce autonomous vehicles for prize money.
OWL Web Ontology Language W3C Recommendation
Recommendation technology based on tracking web activity or media usage brings AI to marketing. See TiVo Suggestions
Blue Brain is born, a project to simulate the brain at molecular detail
one of the world's oldest scientific journals, puts out a special issue on using AI to understand biological intelligence, titled Models of Natural Action Selection
Checkers is solved by a team of researchers at the University of Alberta
