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20s Politics- Red Scare and A. Mitchell Palmer
U.S. attorney general A. Mitchell Palmer launched the Palmer Raids, resulting in the unjust arrest of thousands of U.S. aliens during the first Red Scare. -
20s Literature- This Side of Paradise
F. Scott Fitzgerald's This Side of Paradise examines the lives and morality of post–World War I youth, including flappers. -
20s Politics- League of Nations
Proposed by Woodrow Wilson, the United States Senate rejected the Versailles Treaty because they did not want to join the League of Nations. -
20s AA ID-Garvey Conference
"The First International Convention of the Negro Peoples of the World," as Marcus Garvey called it, opened in Liberty Hall, New York. -
20s Econ- Texas Oil
Texas boomed with the continuous discovery of oil in the 20s and lead to newly-rich oil men, and influx of wealth for the United States and resulting in further technological innovations, such as improved railroad systems. -
Immigration- Emergency Quota Act
This act limited the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States to three percent of those of those living in the US per nationality. -
20s Literature- Babbitt
Novel by Sinclair Lewis containing satire of American culture, society, and behavior, critiquing the vacuity of middle-class American life and its pressure toward conformity. -
20s Politics- Washington Disarmament Conference
The first international conference held in the U.S. and was attended by Japan, China, United States, France, Italy, Portugal, Belgium, Britain and Netherlands with the objective of reducing the naval arms race and to come up with security accords in Pacific area. -
Religion- "Shall the Fundamentalists Win?"
Harry Emerson Fosdick preached at the First Presbyterian Church of New York City pleading the church to be more tolerable of more liberal views of Christianity, and that the Bible is not to be thought of as being without error and the supreme judge of all controversies of religion. -
20s Economy- Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law
This law raised tariffs an average of 38.5 percent due to fear that European producers could undersell U.S. manufacturers post- WWI. -
20s AA ID- Cane
Harlem Renaissance author Jean Toomer publishes the novel Cane, which revolves around the origins and experiences of African Americans in the United States. -
20s Politics- Equal Rights Amendment
This Amendment was designed to guarentee equal rights for women and was originally written by Alice Paul and Crystal Eastman. -
20s Culture- The Jazz Age
In the 20's, jazz music became stylishly popular, expressing the general prosperity and liberation of the people during the time, and singers and instrumentalists such as Louis Armstrong came to prominence, influencing countless musicians to date with thier unique style and charisma. -
20s Economy- The Mellon Plan
Capitalist Andrew Mellon was regarded as a genius of rapid economic growth after Congress passed the Mellon Plan, which reducied taxes on the wealthy and businesses, advocated high tariffs, although after the Great Crash, he was blamed by many for unwisely promoting wealth inequality. -
Immigration- Immigration Act
This act put further restrictions on immigration by providing visas to only two percent of the total number of people of each nationality in the US as of the 1890 national census while completely excluding immigrants from Asia. -
Economy- Cars become the American Dreaam
Thanks to Henry Ford's invention of the assembly line, the Model-T car became extremely affordable due to its cheap production and easily expanded the economic perspective of the United States beyond anyone ever imagined. -
20s Literature-
Bruce Barton published the book, ‘The Man Nobody Knows,’ often called the most successful advertisement of the age, presenting Jesus as the executive of an organization, which critics disparaged for interconnecting business and religion, although the general public loved it. -
20s AA ID- The New Negro: An Interpretation
A collection of fiction, poetry, and essays on African and African-American art and literature edited by Alain Locke, a professor at Howard University during the Harlem Renaissance. -
20's Literature- The Great Gatsby
Written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, one of the writers of the Lost Generation who were bitter about their experiences during WWI, the plot of the Great Gatsby was a sensitive and satiric story of the pursuit of success and the collapse of the American dream. -
Religion- Scopes "Monkey" Trial
High school science teacher John Thomas Scopes was accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law, and was was famously brought to trial for his attack on Christian fundamentalism, eventually winning the case but being ridiculed for life. -
20s AA ID- Harlem (Dream Deferred)
Poem by Langston Hughes questioning what happens to a dream pushed aside. -
20s Literature- The Sun Also Rises
Earnest Hemmingway was a very influential "Lost Generation" writer of the 20s and in The Sun Also Rises, he writes about expatriates traveling Europe looking for their "lost souls" in the aftermath of WWI, representing 1920's struggles with anxiety and desire. -
20's Culture- Flappers
After women gained suffrage, they sought to enjoy life, confronting conventional beauty ideals by shortening their skirts and hair while enjoying nightlife after work, and famous flappers like Clara Bow, the "it" girl of Hollywood, made this form of rebellion popular. -
20s Economy- Celebrity Endorced Ads
Al Jolson became famous as one of the first actors and singers to star in a talking motion picture, and with his celebrity at its peak, he was called upon by the American Tobacco Co., one of the world’s largest companies, marking the beginning of celebrity advertisements. -
20s AA ID- Home to Harlem
In this novel, Claude McKay depicts two different men struggling to find their way in American society. -
20s Politics- Kellogg-Briand Pact
Fifteen nations, including the United States, sign the Kellogg-Briand pact as an agreement to outlaw war, which ended up being laughably unenforcable. -
Prohibition- St. Valentine's Day Massacre
Alcohol related crime surged upward following the ratification of the 18th Amendment, including the rise of the notorious gangster and bootlegger, Al Capone who ordered the massacre of a group of his rival, Bugs Moran's, men. -
Hoover- Agricultural Marketing Act
This act established a Federal Farm Board which aimed to promote agricultural cooperatives that could stabilize farm prices, there by ensuring a social control of agricultural marketing. -
Stock Market Crash- Black Thursday
As stocks began to fall due to the rise in unemployment rates, panic set in, and on October 24, a record 12,894,650 shares were traded, beginning the US's swift decline into depression. -
Stock Market Crash- Black Tuesday
On Black Tuesday, investors traded some 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange in a single day resulting in billions of dollars lost, wiping out thousands of investors, and lead to the Great Depression. -
Hoover- President's Organization on Unemployment Relief
Stimulated and coordinated employment and relief activities during the economic depression that began in 1930 by reorganizing the President's Emergency Committee for Employment . -
NDP- Emergency Banking Act
In order to rebuild confidence in the nation's banking system during the Great Depression, this act shut down all of the nation's banks for examination and allowed those that were financially sound to open back up. -
NDP- Civilian Conservation Corp
The CCC was created to utilize the nation's unemployed youth by building roads, planting trees and improving parks. -
NDP- Federal Emergency Relief Administration
FERA was one of FDR's first major relief operations during the Great Depression which provided state assistance for the unemployed and their families while creating new unskilled jobs in local and state government. -
NDP- Works Progress Administration
Established under the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, the WPA was one of the mqny relief programs introduce during the Great Depression and employed 85 million people in construction and other jobs. -
NDP- Agricultural Adjustment Administration
The AAA was created to raise prices for crops by provide government subsidies to farmers to decrease crop production and get rid of the crop surplus. -
NDP- Tennessee Valley Authority Act
This act created the TVA to oversee the construction of dams to control flooding, improve navigation, and create cheap electric power in the Tennessee Valley basin. -
NDP- Federal Securities Act
This act required that investors receive financial information concerning securities being offered for public sale and prohibited fraud in the sale of securities by disclosing important financial information through the registration of securities. -
NDP- Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
The FDIC was created by the Glass Steagall Banking Reform Act to preserve and promote public confidence in the U.S. financial system by insuring deposits in banks and thrift institutions for at least $250,000. -
NDP- National Recovery Act
This act authorized the President to regulate industry in an attempt to raise prices after severe deflation and stimulate economic recovery and it established the Public Works Administration. -
NDP- Civil Works Administration
The CWA temporarily employed 4 million people for 15 dollars a week to do construction and repair jobs. -
Prohibition- 21st Amendment
The 21st Amendment repealed the 18th Amendment which had mandated the nationwide prohibition of alcohol. -
NDP- Securities & Exchange Commission
SEC was created to protect investors against fraud by promoting the disclosure of important market-related information and maintaining fair dealing. -
Dust Bowl- Black Sunday
The worst dust storm in history caused by drought and extensive farming where farmers did not use methods like crop rotation to prevent erosion. -
Dust Bowl- Soil Conservation Service
The Soil Conservation Act created the Soil Conservation Service to combat soil erosion and protect natural resourses as a result of the massive dust storms threatening national wellfare. -
NDP- National Labor Relations Act
Also known as the Wagner Act, this bill established the National Labor Relations Board, and addressed relations between unions and employers in the private sector to protect the rights of employees and employers and encourage collective bargainig. -
NDP- Social Security Act
The Social Security Act of 1935 established a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped.
