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In November 1917, British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour issued a declaration expressing the British government's support for the creation of a “Jewish national home” in Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire. "La Declaración Balfour: las 67 palabras que hace 100 años cambiaron la historia de Medio Oriente y dieron pie a la creación del Estado de Israel. (s/f). BBC. https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-internacional-41824831" -
On November 29, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly approved the Partition Plan for Palestine (Resolution 181), which proposed dividing Palestine into two states, one Jewish and one Arab, with Jerusalem as an international enclave. The acceptance of this plan by Jewish leaders and its rejection by Arab leaders led to the outbreak of civil war and, later, to the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.
. https://unidosxisrael.org/israel-y-la-onu/resolucion-181/" -
On May 14, 1948, David Ben-Gurion declared the independence of the State of Israel. Immediately thereafter, several neighboring Arab countries invaded the new state, starting the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. https://www.timesofisrael.com/israels-declaration-of-independence-may-14-1948/ -
From June 5-10, 1967, Israel fought a war against Egypt, Jordan and Syria. At the end of the conflict, Israel occupied the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, as well as the Golan Heights from Syria. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-39960461 -
In September 1982, Lebanese Christian militias killed hundreds, possibly thousands, of Palestinian refugees in the Sabra and Shatila camps in Beirut, as Israeli forces surrounded the area during the Lebanon War. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csv257 -
In December 1987, the First Intifada broke out, a series of Palestinian protests and riots against Israeli occupation in the Palestinian territories. This revolt lasted until 1993 and had a significant impact on the course of the conflict. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26933058 -
In September 1993, Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) signed the Oslo Accords, which established a framework for peace between Israel and the Palestinians and established the Palestinian Authority. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Oslo-Accords -
In September 2000, the Second Intifada broke out, a wave of violence that included Palestinian suicide attacks and Israeli reprisals. This period of conflict resulted in the deaths of thousands of people on both sides and ended with the construction of a separation wall by Israel and the unilateral Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip in 2005. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/violence-nonviolence-and-the-palestinian-nationalmovement/second-intifada2000/C282658619958E9ECF94420A216AF3C4