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He was a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. Using his knowledge of math, he measured Earth's circumference by taking two surface points to make the calculation. This doscovery was important because he was the first person to accurateley measure the Earth's circumference.
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Ptolemy is most famous for his astronomy textbook which included a star catalogue. His work made it possible for astronomers to make accurate predictions of planetary positions and eclipses.
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One of Nicolaus Copernicus' major contributions to astronomy was his proposition that the planets were the one orbited the sun instead of the sun orbited Earth. Known as the father of modern astronomy he helped astronomy be what it is today. Without this knowledge many discovers would not have been made.
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Tycho Brahe is most famous in astonomy for developing tools for astronomical purposes and for measuringthe positions of stars. These to contributions to the science helped future astronomers and discoveries.
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Johannes Kepler was a german astronomer who made discoveries concerning planetary motion, named Kepler's laws. Kepler's laws include laws like every planet's orbit is an ellipse and a line joining the Sun and a planet covers equal areas at eaqual tines,
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Newton's discovery of gravity not only explained how gravity on Earth works but also how it worked with planets. Newton showed that the gravitional force between two objects is the same as the product of their mass.
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Einstein has many discoveries with one of them being the formula that helped explain special relativity. He is also known for his theory of general relativity or an explanation for gravity.