-
A groundbreaking speech that calls for the resistance to the systemic oppression of Black people. Maria Stewart urges her audience, particularly Black women, to fight for their rights. -
Douglass, a former enslaved man, became one of the most prominent abolitionists in the U.S. His speeches and writings challenged the institution of slavery and advocated for equal rights for African Americans.
-
An investigative journalist who campaigned against lynching and helped to expose the widespread racial violence against Black people in the U.S. She also advocated for women’s rights and suffrage.
-
Issued by President Abraham Lincoln, it declared that all enslaved people in Confederate-controlled states were free. This shifted the focus of the Civil War to abolition and paved the way for the 13th Amendment. -
This text denounces the practice of lynching, emphasizing its widespread nature and its use as a tool of social control. Wells presents a strong case for the need to address racial violence and injustice. -
Parks is best known for her refusal to give up her seat on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama, which sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a pivotal moment in the Civil Rights Movement.
-
Initially a member of the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X advocated for Black empowerment and self-defense. After his pilgrimage to Mecca, he shifted his views toward unity and Pan-Africanism.
-
A short story about Delia, a Black woman facing racial and gender oppression in the early 20th century South. It reveals the harsh realities of domestic abuse and societal racism. -
A leader of the Civil Rights Movement, King promoted nonviolent protest and civil disobedience to fight racial injustice. His leadership led to significant milestones such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington.
-
An article analyzing the Zoot Suit Riots, a racial conflict during World War II, where Mexican American youth were targeted for wearing zoot suits, seen as a symbol of defiance. -
Sparked by Rosa Parks’ arrest, this year-long boycott by African Americans resulted in the desegregation of the bus system in Montgomery, Alabama, and became a symbol of the Civil Rights Movement’s success. -
The U.S. Supreme Court ruling that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional. It was a major victory for the Civil Rights Movement and began the desegregation of schools across America. -
A massive rally for jobs and freedom, where MLK delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. The march highlighted the need for racial equality and left a lasting legacy in the fight for civil rights. -
A letter in which MLK defends his strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism while being imprisoned in Birmingham, Alabama. It is a key document for understanding the philosophy of the Civil Rights Movement. -
Landmark legislation that prohibited discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in employment and public accommodations. It marked a key legislative victory in the Civil Rights Movement. -
This text addresses the government’s role in fostering racial segregation through policies such as redlining, making it clear that systemic racism was not just a social problem but also a political one.