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James I succeeded Elizabeth I after her death. Because he believed in divine right, he was able to take the throne. He began to fight the parliament over money and foreign policy.
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Charles I continued to believe in the divine right to the throne and strained the relation with the parliament even more.
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The parliament forced Charles I to sign anyways. A lot of things on this document sound familiar (no imprisonment without proper cause, no quartering of soldiers, ect.), as this document is essentially a alpha build of what would later become the Bill of rights.
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Charles I ruled without ever having sessions with parliament, essentially giving him free rule over the country. He obtained wealth through unfavorable means, and also caused many religious wars.
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A conflict between the Royalists/Cavaliers and Parliamentarians/Roundheads. This was caused by religious disagreement and dissatisfaction with the King.
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England had finally abolished the monarchy (and Europe was very surprised).
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England declares themselves as a republic/commonwealth. Oliver Cromwell rules as Lord Protector and implements Puritanical social reforms. However, his rule become increasingly authoritarian.
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Charles II restores the monarchy. Initially, there is celebration, but Charles II decides to beef with the parliament once more
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The Bill of Rights, now with 25% more rights!
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James II is openly Catholic, which already alarms many English people. However, he even elects Catholics to power while ignoring parliament.
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The parliament invites William of Orange (Dutch ruler) and Charles II's protestant daughter to invade England. James II flees and the revolution results in little bloodshed.
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William and Mary accept the parliament's conditions in order to take the throne, in addition to signing the English Bill of Rights.