History of English Literature

  • Period: 450 to 1066

    1st Period - Old English 450-1066

    731
    The Venerable Bede, in his monastery at Jarrow, completes his history of the English church and people
  • Period: 450 to 1066

    800

    Beowulf, the first great work of Germanic literature, mingles the legends of Scandinavia with the experience in England of Angles and Saxons
  • Period: 450 to 1066

    950

    The material of the Eddas, taking shape in Iceland, derives from earlier sources in Norway, Britain and Burgundy
  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    2nd Period- Middle English 1066- 1500

  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    1300

    Duns Scotus, known as the Subtle Doctor in medieval times, later provides humanists with the name Dunsman or dunce
  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    1340

    William of Ockham advocates paring down arguments to their essentials, an approach later known as Ockham's Razor
  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    1387

    Chaucer begins an ambitious scheme for 100 Canterbury Tales, of which he completes only 24 by the time of his death
  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    1367

    A narrator who calls himself Will, and whose name may be Langland, begins the epic poem of Piers Plowman
  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    1385

    Chaucer completes Troilus and Criseyde, his long poem about a legendary love affair in ancient Troy
  • Period: 1066 to 1500

    1469

    Thomas Malory, in gaol somewhere in England, compiles Morte d'Arthur – an English account of the French tales of King Arthur
  • Period: 1500 to

    3rd Period - Eglish Renaissance 1500-1660

  • Period: 1500 to

    1510

    Erasmus and Thomas More take the northern Renaissance in the direction of Christian humanism
  • Period: 1500 to

    1549

    The first version of the English prayer book, or Book of Common Prayer, is published with text by Thomas Cranmer
  • Period: 1500 to

    1567

    The Book of Common Prayer and the New Testament are published in Welsh, to be followed by the complete Bible in 1588
  • Period: 1500 to

    1590

    English poet Edmund Spenser celebrates the Protestant Elizabeth I as The Faerie Queene
  • Period: 1500 to

    1592

    After tentative beginnings in the three parts of Henry VI, Shakespeare achieves his first masterpiece on stage with Richard III
  • Period: 1500 to

    1601

    Shakespeare's central character in Hamlet expresses both the ideals of the Renaissance and the disillusion of a less confident age
  • Period: 1500 to

    1609

    Shakespeare's last completed play, The Tempest, is performed
  • Period: to

    1653

    Devoted fisherman Izaak Walton publishes the classic work on the subject, The Compleat Angler
  • Period: to

    1660

    On the first day of the new year Samuel Pepys gets up late, eats the remains of the turkey and begins his diary
  • Period: to

    4th Period - The puritan 1653-1660

  • Period: to

    5th Period- Restoration Age 1660-1700

  • Period: to

    1669

    Samuel Pepys ends his diary, after only writing it for nine years
  • Period: to

    1690

    John Locke publishes his Essay concerning Human Understanding, arguing that all knowledge is based on experience
  • Period: to

    6th Period - Restoration Age 1700-1798

    Century divided in two
    The Augustan: 1700-1750
    Age of sensibility: 1750-1798
  • Period: to

    1811

    English author Jane Austen publishes her first work in print, Sense and Sensibility, at her own expense
  • Period: to

    7th Period- Romanticism 1798- 1837

  • Period: to

    1798

    English poets Wordsworth and Coleridge jointly publish Lyrical Ballads, a milestone in the Romantic movement
  • Period: to

    1804

    William Blake includes his poem 'Jerusalem' in the Preface to his book Milton
  • Period: to

    1813

    Pride and Prejudice, based on a youthful work of 1797 called First Impressions, is the second of Jane Austen's novels to be published
  • Period: to

    1819

    Byron begins publication in parts of his longest poem, Don Juan an epic satirical comment on contemporary life
  • Period: to

    1821

    English poet John Keats dies in Rome at the age of twenty-five
  • Period: to

    1824

    12-year-old Charles Dickens works in London in Warren's boot-blacking factory
  • Period: to

    1836

    24-year-old Charles Dickens begins monthly publication of his first work of fiction, Pickwick Papers (published in book form in 1837)
  • Period: to

    1837

    Charles Dickens' first novel, Oliver Twist, begins monthly publication (in book form, 1838)
  • Period: to

    1843

    Ebenezer Scrooge mends his ways just in time in Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol
  • Period: to

    8th Period - Victorian 1837-1901

  • Period: to

    1846

    Edward Lear publishes his Book of Nonsense, consisting of limericks illustrated with his own cartoons
  • Period: to

    1849

    Charles Dickens begins the publication in monthly numbers of David Copperfield, his own favourite among his novels
  • Period: to

    1852

    London physician Peter Mark Roget publishes his dictionary of synonyms, the Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases
  • Period: to

    1859

    Charles Darwin puts forward the theory of evolution in On the Origin of Species, the result of 20 years' research
  • Period: to

    1862

    Oxford mathematician Lewis Carroll tells 10-year-old Alice Liddell, on a boat trip, a story about her own adventures in Wonderland
  • Period: to

    1865

    Lewis Carroll publishes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, a development of the story he had told Alice Liddell three years earlier
  • Period: to

    1872

    Lewis Carroll publishes Through the Looking Glass, a second story of Alice's adventures
  • Period: to

    1874

    English author Thomas Hardy has his first success with his novel Far from the Madding Crowd
  • Period: to

    1876

    Lewis Carroll publishes The Hunting of the Snark, a poem about a voyage in search of an elusive mythical creature
  • Period: to

    1884

    Oxford University Press publishes the A volume of its New English Dictionary, which will take 37 years to reach Z
  • Period: to

    1886

    Robert Louis Stevenson introduces a dual personality in his novel The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
  • Period: to

    1891

    Oscar Wilde publishes his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray in which the ever-youthful hero's portrait grows old and ugly
  • Period: to

    1895

    H.G. Wells publishes The Time Machine, a story about a Time Traveller whose first stop on his journey is the year 802701
  • Period: to

    1895

    Oscar Wilde's most brilliant comedy, The Importance of Being Earnest is performed in London's St. James Theatre
  • Period: to

    1898

    H.G. Wells publishes his science-fiction novel The War of the Worlds, in which Martians arrive in a rocket to invade earth
  • Period: to

    1837

    Charles Dickens' first novel, Oliver Twist, begins monthly publication (in book form, 1838)
  • Period: to

    1852

    London physician Peter Mark Roget publishes his dictionary of synonyms, the Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases
  • Period: to

    1849

    Charles Dickens publishes his French Revolution novel, A Tale of Two Cities
  • Period: to

    1860

    Charles Dickens begins serial publication of his novel "Great Expectations" (in book form 1861)
  • Period: to

    9th Period - 20th Century - Modern Literature 1901- 1940

  • Period: to

    1901

    Beatrix Potter publishes at her own expense The Tale of Peter Rabbit
  • Period: to

    1906

    E. Nesbit publishes The Railway Children, the most successful of her books featuring the Bastable family
  • Period: to

    1911

    Rupert Brooke publishes Poems, the only collection to appear before his early death in World War I
  • Period: to

    1912

    Ludwig Wittgenstein moves to Cambridge to study philosophy under Bertrand Russell
  • Period: to

    1915

    The English writer Virginia Woolf publishes her first novel, The Voyage Out
  • Period: to

    1921

    Ludwig Wittgenstein publishes his influential study of the philosophy of logic, Tractatus Logico Philosophicus
  • Period: to

    1929

    Richard Hughes publishes his first novel, A High Wind in Jamaica
  • Period: to

    1930

    English author W.H. Auden's first collection of poetry is published with the simple title Poems
  • Period: to

    1939

    Irish author Flann O'Brien publishes his first novel, At Swim-Two-Birds
  • Period: to

    1945

    English author Nancy Mitford has her first success with the novel The Pursuit of Love
  • Period: to

    1904

    J.M Barrie's play for children Peter Pan, or the Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up has its premiere in London
  • Period: to

    1940

    Flann O'Brien's The Third Policeman is rejected by numerous publishers before becoming, decades later, his best-known novel
  • Period: to

    10th Period- Post moderns 1940-2000

  • Period: to

    1945

    English author Nancy Mitford has her first success with the novel The Pursuit of Love
  • Period: to

    1947

    English author and alcoholic Malcolm Lowry publishes an autobiographical novel, Under the Volcano
  • Period: to

    1957

    English author John Braine publishes his first novel, Room at the Top
  • Period: to

    1960

    Penguin Books are prosecuted for obscenity for publishing D.H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover, and are acquitted
  • Period: to

    1964

    Roald Dahl publishes a fantasy treat for a starving child, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory
  • Period: to

    1969

    English novelist John Fowles publishes The French Lieutenant's Woman, set in Lyme Regis in the 1860s
  • Period: to

    1979

    Peter Shaffer's play about Mozart, Amadeus, has its premiere in London
  • Period: to

    1997

    A schoolboy wizard performs his first tricks in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
  • Period: to

    1998

    Michael Frayn's play Copenhagen dramatizes the visit of Werner Heisenberg to Niels Bohr in wartime Denmark
  • Period: to

    2000

    The Amber Spyglass completes Philip Pullman's trilogy, His Dark Materials
  • Period: to

    1950

    C.S. Lewis gives the first glimpse of Narnia in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe