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Thomas Jefferson purchases the Louisiana territory along with much more land from France, doubling the size of the U.S and acquiring control of important port cities and rivers. -
Thomas Jefferson signs the embargo act protecting American trade with foreign nations especially Britain and France, but negatively effecting their economy. -
The United States declares war on Britain, resulting in significant battles and the burning of Washington, D.C. -
Congress passes the Missouri Compromise, allowing a balance between free and slave states in the Union. -
Elias Howe invents a sewing machine, revolutionizing textile production and making a profound impact on the clothing and manufacturing industries. -
Pioneers begin the mass migration along the Oregon Trail to the Pacific Northwest, with ideas of manifest destiny in search of new opportunities.
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Confederate forces attack Fort Sumter, marking the start of the Civil War, a conflict over issues including slavery. -
President Abraham Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring freedom for enslaved people in Confederate territory. -
General Robert E. Lee surrenders to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox, ending the Civil War. -
The First Transcontinental Railroad is completed, connecting the east and west coasts of the United States.