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Slavery
Slavery is made illegal in the Northwest Territory. The U.S Constitution states that Congress may not ban the slave trade until 1808. -
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Events Tied to the 14th Amendment
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Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts consists of four laws, the Naturalization Act, the Alien Act, the Alien Enemies Act, and the Sedition Act. The Naturalization Act raised the time of residency for naturalization from five to 14 years and the Alien Act allowed the president to arrest and deport any alien considered dangerous. -
Chinese Immigrants
Congress passes the first law restricting immigration with the 1862 law forbidding American vessels to transport Chinese immigrants to the U.S -
Passing the Amendment
The Senate passed the 14th Amendment on June 8, 1866, by a vote of 33 to 11, while the House of Representatives passed the 14th Amendment on June 13, 1866, by a vote of 120 to 32. -
14th Amendment Proposed
The 14th amendment was proposed on June 13, 1866.
This amendment was specifically rejected by Texas on Oct 27, 1866; by Georgia on Nov 6, 1866; by North Carolina on Dec 14, 1866; by South Carolina on Dec 20, 1866; by Kentucky on Jan 8, 1867; by Virginia on Jan 9, 1867; by Louisiana on Feb 6, 1867; by Delaware on Feb 8, 1867; and by Maryland on Mar 23, 1867. -
Ratified
Ratified on July 9, 1868 and granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. In addition, it forbids states from denying any person "life, liberty or property, without due process of law" or to "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” -
Immigration Act
Immigration Act establishes the Bureau of Immigration and the first comprehensive law for immigration control, directing the deportation of aliens unlawfully in the U.S. -
Ellis Island
Ellis Island is known best as the historical gateway for millions of immigrants to the United States. Ellis Island is located in the Upper New York Bay in Jersey City. The first Ellis Island Immigration Station was officially opened in 1892. -
Immigration and Naturalization Act
Immigration and Naturalization Act imposes the first permanent numeric limits on immigration. The category of "Entry without Inspection" is created, officially labeling those who cross U.S. borders without immigration documents. The U.S. Border Patrol is created, in large part to control Chinese immigration to the U.S. across the U.S.-Mexico border. -
Detention Center for Aliens
After the U.S. entered the war in December 1941, Ellis Island served primarily as a detention center for alien enemies. By 1946, approximately 7000 aliens and citizens, with German, Italian, and Japanese people comprising the largest groups, were detained at Ellis Island. The detainees became so numerous that the immigration functions had to be transferred to Manhattan for lack of room.
