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These series of cases throughout the year of 1883, ruled that racial discrimination put on by private persons did not keep servitude or the “badge of slavery” on African Americans living in the United States.
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Segregation is declared legal as long as facilities are equal. The "Separate but Equal" idea is put into effect and reinforced”.
The court case is argued in front of the Supreme Court on April 13th, 1896 and decided on May 18th, 1896. -
It is decided a court cannot enforce a restrictive covenant on owning property in the case of minorities because it is unconstitutional.
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The ruling ended that blacks must be allowed to attend integrated schools in Oklahoma and Texas, paving the way for integration in other states. The case was argued April 4th, 1950 and decided June 5th, of the same year.
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This case reversed/overturned Plessy Vs. Ferguson's ruling of separate but equal, and said segregation in public schooling was discriminatory, because the educational facilities were not equal. Therefore, segregation creates inequality.
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This case confirmed that a private group had the right to keep membership information confidential, and that state seizure was unconstitutional, in this case, because of the chance of violent outbreak.
This was important during the civil right's movement because it kept the members of this organization from any potential danger.
It was argued on January 15th, 1958 and decided June 30th, of the same year. -
Through this casse, racial segregation in private facilities that are part of interstate commerce is seen as unconstitutional.
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Prohibition of interracial marriage is declared unconstitutional.
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Affirmative action was decided unfair to applicants if it gave rights to the minority at the cost of the majority resulting in reverse discrimination.
The case was argued on October 12th, 1977 and decided on June 28th, 1978. -
This case re-enforced the Regents of Southern California Vs. Bakke case, by agreeing that mechanical, non-individual admissions programs were unconstitutional.
