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Babur was born on February 14th, 1483 in the town of Andijan, in the Fergana Valley. Son of Omar Sheykh Mirza (father) and Qutlugh Nigar Khanum (mother).
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At the age of only 12, Babur obtained his first power position. He succeeded his father as ruler of Farghana, in present-day Uzbekistan.
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Babur attacked the Uzbek city of Samarkand and after seven months succeeded in capturing the city. Meanwhile, a rebellion amongst nobles back home robbed him of Farghana. As he was marching to recover it, Babur's troops deserted in Samarkand, leaving him with neither Samarkand nor Fergana.
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Babur was able to cross the snowy Hindu Kush mountains and capture Kabul from the Arghunids, who were forced to retreat to Kandahar. With this move, he gained a wealthy new kingdom and re-established his fortunes and assumed the title of Padshah.
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Muhammad Shaybani was defeated and killed by Ismail I, Shah of Shia Safavid Persia, in 1510, and Babur used this opportunity to attempt to reconquer his ancestral Timurid territories. Over the following few years, Babur and Shah Ismail would form a partnership in an attempt to take over parts of Central Asia.
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This battle was fought near the small village of Panipat where Babur and his army defeated the much larger Indian army of Ibrahim Lodi, Sultan of Delhi. Babur won over Dehli and Agra. Babur had firearms and field artillery while Ibrahim had war elephants that were frightened by the guns and cannons. The elephants trampled Lori's men.
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Three days after defeating Lodi, Babur made it Delhi where he began his reigh. He celebrated his arrival with a festival on the river Jumna.
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The mosque was built by the order of Babur in Ayodhya, a city in the Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh, on Ramkot Hill. It was destroyed in 1992 when a political rally developed into a riot involving 150,000 people.
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Fought near the village of Khanwa, this battle was the second major battle fought in modern day India, by the first Mughal Emperor Babur after the Battle of Panipat. As the Mughal Empire expanded it faced new opponents especially in the regions around Agra and inside Rajputana.
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Babur and his son fell ill. Babur is said to have circled the sick-bed, crying to God to take his life and not his son's. The traditions that follow this tell that Babur soon fell ill with a fever and Humayun began to get better again. Babur passed away.
