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Werner Karl Heisenberg was born in Wurzburg, Germany. His father was a school teacher and became a Professor in Greek studies. His mother was Annie Wecklein. -
Werner Heisenberg was the founder of what we know as the "uncertainty principle" today. In 1925 to 1927 he wrote multiple papers breaking down his theory on quantum mechanics and the indeterminacy principle.
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In July 1925, Heisenberg published his paper on, “Über quantentheoretische Umdeutung kinematischer und mechanischer Beziehungen”. Translated to English, “Quantum-Theoretical Reinterpretation of Kinematic and Mechanical Relations” is his position that spectrum intensity of electrons in atoms should be located based on only observable quantities. It was for this paper that Heisenberg received a Nobel Prize in Physics seven years later.
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Max Born, a Professor who worked at the University of Gottingen, was a former teacher of Heisenberg. After reading his paper, Born and his assistant, Pascual Jordan, wrote “Zur Quantenmechanik” or “On Quantum Mechanics” to express Heisenberg's theory, using matrix algebra to show the correlation of position of electrons by these variables.
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Heisenberg, Born, and Jordan collaborated for the completion on the "three-man paper". “Zur Quantenmechanik II” or “On Quantum Mechanics II”,
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Heisenberg's best known work, "The uncertainty principle" was his theory that the position and momentum of a mobile particle can't be both measured exactly, simultaneously. The errors that will arise in these observations are negligible on the human scale but they cannot be ignored when studying atoms.
His conclusion was that absolute causal determinism was not possible. Science will never be an perfectly exact science when it comes to the study of atoms. There will always be errors. -
The below link will explain the Uncertainty Principle in a short YouTube Video
https://youtu.be/TQKELOE9eY4 -
For the formulation of quantum mechanics he was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize for physics. It was announced in November 1933. -
He passed away for kidney cancer while at his home in Munich, Germany at the age of 74.