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Plessy V. Ferguson
Homer Plessy was sent to jail for sitting in a railroad car designated for white people only. Plessy was in fact 7/8 white and 1/8 black which by Louisiana law meant he was treated as an African American and required to sit in the car designated for colored people appeal made it to the US Supreme Court.The Court ruled 7-1 that the Louisiana law requiring that the races be separated did not violate the thirteent or fourteenth amendments to the Constitution as long as the facilities were demanded. -
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Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall was a U.S. Supreme Court justice & civil rights advocate. He had to significances.1st as legal counsel for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People he guided the litigation that destroyed the legal underpinnings of Jim Crow segregation. 2nd as an associate justice of the Supreme Court.the nation’s first black justice.he crafted a distinctive jurisprudence marked by liberalism, unusual attentiveness to practical considerations beyondthe formalities of law -
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Orville Faubus
He was elected governor of Arkansas 6 times. He stood against segregation of the Little Rock school district during the Little Rock crisis. He defied the unanimous decision of the United States Supreme Court by ordering the Arkansas National Guard to stop black students from attending Little Rock Central High School. President Eisenhower federalized Arkansas National Guard taking Faubus out of control of them. Eisenhower also sent troops to Arkansas to protect the black students. -
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Rosa Parks
She was significance to the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955-56 which many regard as the start of a major civil rights offensive in America. Rosa Parks was a seamstress when the boycott began but she was far from ill educated. She also sat in a white section and when the bus driver told her to move she didn't. -
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Lester Maddox
American politician who was the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1967 to 1971. A populist Democrat, Maddox came to prominence as a staunch segregationist, when he refused to serve black customers in his Atlanta restaurant, in defiance of the Civil Rights Act. -
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George Wallace
Newsreel footage of former Alabama Governor George Wallace standing against desegregation while being confronted by federal authorities at the University of Alabama in 1963. -
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Martin Luther King Jr,
He was a Baptist minister and social activist who played a key role in the American civil rights movement from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968. Inspired by advocates of nonviolence such as Mahatma Gandhi, King sought equality for African Americans, the economically disadvantaged and victims of injustice through peaceful protest. -
Brown V. Ferguson
The United States Supreme Court handed down its ruling in the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The Court’s unanimous decision overturned provisions of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision, which had allowed for “separate but equal” public facilities, including public schools in the United States. -
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating. The U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ordered Montgomery to integrate its bus system, and one of the leaders of the boycott. -
Sit-ins
The Civil Rights Movement had gained strong momentum. The nonviolent measures employed by Martin Luther King Jr. helped African American activists win supporters across the country and throughout the world.