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Early American History
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Civil War/Reconstruction
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The Gilded Age
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The Progressive Era
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Star Wars
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), nicknamed the "Star Wars program", was a proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons (intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched ballistic missiles). -
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Imperialism
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Domino Theory
the theory that a political event in one country will cause similar events in neighboring countries, like a falling domino causing an entire row of upended dominoes to fall. -
Containment
The concept is from George F. Kennan. It explains to counter soviet expansion with political, economic, military power. -
Arms Race/Space Race
competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for supremacy in spaceflight capability. The competition between 2 sides to see who's better. -
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
the Soviet Union and the United States of America were the two world superpowers that dominated the global agenda of economic policy, foreign affairs, military operations, cultural exchange, scientific advancements including the pioneering of space exploration, and sports -
Communism
a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. -
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World War I
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1955 : Jonas Salk invents the Polio Vaccine
Salk's inactivated polio vaccine was the first vaccine for the disease; it came into use in 1955. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system. -
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roaring twenties
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great depression
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world war 2
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Early Cold War
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1945: United Nations formed
The United Nations officially came into existence on October 24, 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by a majority of other signatories. -
Truman Doctrine (1947)
U.S. policy that gave military and economic aid to countries threatened by communism. -
22nd Amendment
prohibits anyone who has been elected president twice from being elected again -
Marshall Plan (1948):
program to help European countries rebuild after World War II -
1948: Berlin Airlift
The Berlin airlift was the end of the Blockade after work war 2 -
1949: NATO established
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), military alliance established by the North Atlantic Treaty, which sought to create a counterweight to Soviet armies stationed in central and eastern Europe after World War II. -
Sweatt v. Painter
U.S. Supreme Court case that successfully challenged the "separate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation established by the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson. -
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civil rights era
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1950-1953: Korean War
The Korean War was a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the support of the United Nations, principally from the United States). The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and insurrections in the south. -
1951: Rosenbergs trial
After Greenglass pleaded guilty, the trial for the Rosenbergs and Sobell began on March 6, 1951, in the Southern District of New York. Making little attempt to portray himself as impartial, Judge Irving R. Kaufman opened the proceedings by declaring: "The evidence will show that the loyalty and alliance of the Rosenbergs and Sobell were not to our country, but that it was to Communism." -
1952 : First H-Bomb detonated by the United States
The first series of thermonuclear tests conducted by the United States took place in November 1952 during Operation IVY. The first test took place on November 1, 1952 on the small Pacific island of Elugelab at Enewetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands. The explosion, nicknamed the "Mike Shot", was very successful -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
Hernandez v. Texas
was a landmark case, "the first and only Mexican-American civil-rights case heard and decided by the United States Supreme Court during the post-World War II period." -
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vietnam war
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Non-Violent Protests/Civil Disobedience
a now popular way to protest in hope of change without anyone getting hurt. Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks’ arrest
Rosa Parks got arrested for not giving up her seat for a white man so people began to boycott the bus -
Little Rock Nine integrated into an all-white school in Little Rock, AK
9 black students entered an all white school -
1957 : USSR launches Sputnik
the Soviet Union launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik I. The successful launch came as a shock to experts and citizens in the United States, who had hoped that the United States would accomplish this scientific advancement first. -
OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries is an intergovernmental organization of 13 countries. -
Bay of Pigs Invasion in Cuba
1,400 Cuban exiles launched what became a botched invasion at the Bay of Pigs on the south coast of Cuba -
Berlin Wall built to prevent people from leaving communist East Berlin
The Wall was built in 1961 to prevent East Germans from fleeing and stop an economically disastrous migration of workers -
Cuban Missile Crisis
a 1 month, 4 days confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union -
Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream Speech” at the March on Washington
"I Have a Dream" is a public speech that was delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom -
John F. Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas, TX
assassinated on Friday, November 22, 1963, at 12:30 p.m. Central Standard Time in Dallas, Texas, while riding in a presidential motorcade through Dealey Plaza. -
Great Society
The Great Society was a set of domestic programs in the United States launched by Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson. -
24th Amendment
prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Act prohibited discrimination in public accommodations and federally funded programs. It also strengthened the enforcement of voting rights and the desegregation of schools. -
Medicare and Medicaid established
On July 30, 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law legislation that established the Medicare and Medicaid programs -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting. -
Black Panthers
The Black Panther Party, originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, was a Black Power political organization founded by college students Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton in October 1966 -
Thurgood Marshall
American lawyer and civil rights activist who served as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from October 1967 until October 1991. -
Tet Offensive
officially called The General Offensive and Uprising of Tet Mau Than 1968 was a major escalation and one of the largest military campaigns of the Vietnam War -
Martin Luther King is assassinated
King was standing on the second-floor balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, where he and his associates were staying, when a sniper’s bullet struck him in the neck. -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
popularly known as the Fair Housing Act, prohibits discrimination concerning the sale, rental, or financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, and sex. -
First Man on the Moon
Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin formed the American crew that landed the Apollo Lunar Module Eagle -
Tinker v. Des Moines
a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined First Amendment rights of students in U.S. public schools. -
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end of cold war
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1970: Kent State University shooting
the killings of four and wounding of nine other unarmed Kent State University students by the Ohio National Guard on May 4, 1970 in Kent, Ohio -
Pentagon Papers leaked
The Pentagon Papers, officially titled "Report of the Office of the Secretary of Defense Vietnam Task Force", was commissioned by Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara in 1967. In June of 1971, small portions of the report were leaked to the press and widely distributed. -
26th Amendment
Passed by Congress March 23, 1971, and ratified July 1, 1971, the 26th amendment granted the right to vote to American citizens aged eighteen or older. -
Cesar Chavez
American labor leader, community organizer, businessman, and Latino American civil rights activist. He started a huger strike. -
Title IX
prohibits sex-based discrimination in any school or other education program that receives federal money. -
1974: Watergate Scandal, which leads to Nixon’s Resignation
The House Judiciary Committee then approved articles of impeachment against Nixon for obstruction of justice, abuse of power, and contempt of Congress. With his complicity in the cover-up made public and his political support completely eroded, Nixon resigned from office -
Fall of Saigon, marks the end of the Vietnam War
On this day, Saigon, the capital of the Republic of Vietnam at the time, fell to the People's Army of Vietnam. -
Community Reinvestment Act of 1977
United States federal law designed to encourage commercial banks and savings associations to help meet the needs of borrowers in all segments of their communities, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. -
1978: Camp David Accords
a pair of political agreements signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the country retreat of the President of the United States in Maryland. -
1979: Three Mile Island Disaster
The Three Mile Island accident was a partial meltdown of reactor number 2 of Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, near Harrisburg, and subsequent radiation leak that occurred on March 28, 1979 -
1979-1981: Iran Hostage Crisis
The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic standoff between the United States and Iran. Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage -
Sandra Day O’Connor
attorney and politician who served as the first woman associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1981 to 2006. -
AIDS Epidemic
In the 1980s and early 1990s, the outbreak of HIV and AIDS swept across the United States and rest of the world, though the disease originated decades earlier. Today, more than 70 million people have been infected with HIV and about 35 million have died from AIDS -
1985-1987: Iran Contra Affair
The Iran–Contra affair, popularized in Iran as the McFarlane affair, the Iran–Contra scandal, or simply Iran–Contra, was a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan Administration. -
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1990's-21st century