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Boyle-Mariotte Law: P and V are inversely proportional at constant T and n
P1V1=P2V2 -
Boyle-Mariotte Law: P and V are inversely proportional at constant T and n
P1V1=P2V2 -
Charle's Law: T and V are directly proportional at constant P and n
V1/T1=V2/T2 -
He was an english chemist, physicist, and meteorologist. He developed the atomic theory and stated that all matter is made up of atoms which can't be broken into smaller particles. He also researched into colour blindness.
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Avogadro's number (6.02*10^23) and Avogadro's Law: At the same temperature and pressure, an equal number of moles of any gas will occupy the same volume.
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Gay Lussac's Law: P and T are directly proportional at constant V and n
P1/T1=P2/T2 -
Raoult's Law: Vapor pressure of solution (P) = Vapor pressure of pure solvent (Po) ·Molar fraction of solvent (Xo)
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The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution:
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The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
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Thompson came up with the "plum pudding model" for the atom. He was the first scientist to propose that the atom was not the smallest particle and he stated that there were small negative particles called electrons. He proposed that these electrons sat in a positive jelly like plums in a plum pudding.
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He fired alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold foil and found out that although most alpha particles went straight through the sheet, some were deflected or even reflected back towards their source.
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Neils Bohr used evidence from atomic absorption and emission spectra to suggest a more detailed structure of the atom. He stated that:
- Electrons orbit around the nucleus without losing energy.
- Only some orbits are permitted.
- Electrons change of orbit by absorbing or emitting the difference of energy between the initial and final level. -
He was an Austrian physicist who developed a number of fundamental results in the field of quantum theory and elaborated the Schrödinger Equation, which was used to predict areas in the atom where there was a 99% probability of finding an electron.
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Werner Heisenberg came up with his uncertainty principle. This stated that we cannot know both the position and momentum of an electron at the same time
