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This is the beginning of the space race : United States announced its intention to launch an artificial satellite and few days later, the Soviet Union announced its intention to do the same thing.
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The USSR launched into orbit the first artificial satellite of history, which named Sputnik 1.
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Laika was the first living being in orbit when the Soviet Union launched her on the Sputnik 2 mission.
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In the context of the space race, the Americans created the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). This administration was created in the goal of space and solar system exploration. Even today, the NASA still has an important role on everything rely to space.
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Vostok 1, was the first spaceflight of the Vostok programme and the first human orbital spaceflight in history. The astronaut was Yuri Gagarine.
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The first American in space was Alan Shepard. It was a big success for America.
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The Mariner 2 was the first American spacecraft to make a successful planetary flyby of Venus.
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The Mariner 4 was the first American spacecraft to make a successful flyby of the planet Mars
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Neil Armstrong was the first man to land and walk on the moon. He was accompanied by 2 others astraunauts who named Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins.
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Pioneer 10 was the first American space probe to make a successful flyby of the planet Jupiter.
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The Mariner 10 was the first American spacecraft, launched by NASA, to make flyby of Mercury.
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The Pioneer 11 was the first American space probe to make a successful flyby of the planet Saturne.
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The Voyager 2 was the first American space probe to make a successful flyby of the planet Uranus, witch is the only one to nowadays.
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The Voyager 2 was also the first American space probe to make a successful flyby of the planet Neptune.
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The International Space Station (ISS) was launched by five participating space agencies, NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA (Japan), ESA (Europe), and CSA (Canada).
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The New Horizons is a space probe that was launched by NASA in order to perform a flyby study of the Pluto system. Then, it was the first American space probe to make a successful flyby of the planet Pluto.
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This is the Artemis I mission that will be launched soon. The mission has the goal to make the mans to go again on the Moon.