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Yalta conference
Who: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin.
What: Split Germany into four zones controlled by the US, SU, UK, and France. Europeans would be able to have free elections and decide their own futures.
Where: Yalta, on the black sea.
Why: Future for postwar Europe. -
Potsdam conference
Who: US president Harry Truman, Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill, and his successor Clemet Attlee.
What: people where now scared of a nuclear attack. Helped set the stage for the cold war. Failed to settle important issues.
Where: Potsdam, Germany
Why: Reparations to be made and restructuring of Germany. -
Bombing of Nagasaki
Who: Japan and United States.
What: Potential of pressurizing the USSR into negotiating over Eastern Europe and Germany.
Where: Japan
Why: Make Japan surrender. -
Hiroshima bombing
Who: US, and Japan.
What: Potential of pressurizing the USSR into negotiating over Eastern Europe and Germany.
Where: Japan.
Why: To destroy Japans ability to fight. -
Truman Doctrine
Who: President Harry S. Truman, US, Greece, and Turkey.
What: United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
Where: Turkey
Why: Defeating the appeal of communism in their countries. -
Molotov Plan
Who: Soviet Union.
What: Provide aid to rebuild the countries in Eastern Europe that were politically and economically aligned to the Soviet Union.
Where: Soviet Union.
Why: To help Soviet Union allies. -
Period: to
Marshall Plan
Who: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and western Germany.
What: Help countries that got destroyed by the war in Europe. Beginning of the cold war. Encouraged the development of liberal-democratic systems
Where: Western Europe.
Why: Halt the spread of communism. -
Brussels Treaty
Who: Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
What: Creating a collective defense alliance. Led to the formation of NATO and the Western European union.
Where: Brussels, Belgium.
Why: Show that western European states could cooperate. -
Period: to
Berlin Blockade
Who: Soviet Union.
What: Soviet Union to limit the ability of the United States, Great Britain and France to travel to their sectors of Berlin. Cut off some of Berlin from food and electricity.
Where: West Berlin.
Why: To separate east and west berlin. -
NATO
Who: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
What: Guaranteeing the freedom and security of its members through political and military means. Provided a frontline deterrence against the Soviet Union and its satellite states.
Where: Washington D.C.
Why: To provide collective security against the Soviet Union. -
Soviet Creation of Nuclear weapons
Who: Yuly Khariton, members of the Tamm and the Zeldovich groups.
What: Both US and SU now have nuclear weapons.
Where: Semipalatinsk Test Site in Kazakhstan.
Why: US had nuclear weapons already so SU were the only ones not in the power position. -
Period: to
Korean War
Who: United Kingdom, U.S., United Nations, South Korea, China, Soviet Union.
What: First military action of the Cold War. Civil conflict that became a proxy war between superpowers clashing over communism and democracy. The first time that the two superpowers , the United States and the Soviet Union, had fought a proxy war.
Where: Korea
Why: North Korean Communist army crossed the 38th Parallel and invaded non-Communist South Korea. -
Stalin's Death
Who: Stalin
What: Stalin's death led to a temporary thaw in Cold War tensions.
Where: Kuntsevo Dacha
Why: Stroke. -
Period: to
Warsaw pact
Who: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania, Soviet Union.
What: Unified military command and the systematic ability to strengthen the Soviet hold over the other participating countries. Too maintain economic cooperation.
Where: Warsaw, Poland
Why: The Warsaw Pact was created in reaction to the integration of West Germany into NATO. -
Period: to
Vietnam War
Who: France, United States, China, Soviet Union, Laos, Cambodia, South Korea, Vietnam.
What: Communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam. The Vietnam war created tension and fear between the US and the USSR. North and South Vietnam were united under the Communist North in 1975.
Where: Vietnam, South Vietnam, Cambodia, North Vietnam, Laos, and South East Asia.
Why: The US didn't want South Vietnam to become communist. -
NORAD
Who: Canada and the United States.
What: Canada and the United States Centralized operational control of continental air defenses against the threat of Soviet bombers.
Where: Colorado Springs.
Why: So they both have protection from Soviet bombers, -
Period: to
Hungarian Revolution
Who: Hungarian people.
What: Countrywide revolution against the Stalinist government of the Hungarian People's Republic and the Hungarian domestic policies imposed by the USSR. The rebellion in Hungary exposed the weaknesses of Eastern European communism.
Where: Hungary.
Why: The Uprising was in response to post-war Hungary's crippling development under Moscow's Soviet policies and oppression. -
Fidel Castro taking over
Who: Cuba, Batista, and Fidel Castro.
What: Adopting a Marxist–Leninist model of development, Castro converted Cuba into a one-party, socialist state under Communist Party rule, the first in the Western Hemisphere. Castro aligned with the Soviet Union and allowed the Soviets to place nuclear weapons in Cuba.
Where: Cuba.
Why: Castro accused Batista of corruption and tranny. -
Period: to
Bay of pigs
Who: Fidel Castro, Allen W. Dulles, and John F. Kennedy.
What: The Bay of Pigs Invasion was a failed landing operation on the southwestern coast of Cuba in 1961 by Cuban exiles who opposed Fidel Castro's Cuban Revolution.
Where: Cuba.
Why: United States was trying to prevent communism from taking hold in the Americas. -
Creation of the Berlin wall
Who: German Democratic Republic.
What: It was the perfect symbol of the "Iron Curtain" that separated the democratic western countries and the communist countries of Eastern Europe throughout the Cold War.
Where: Berlin
Why: To separate East and West Berlin. -
End of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Who: United States, Soviet Union, and Cuba.
What: Soviet Union agreed to remove their missiles out of Cuba, and United States removed theirs form Turkey. Now the Soviet Union and United States don't have missiles pointed at them constantly.
Where: Cuba
Why: It ended so the United States wouldn't invade Cuba. -
Nuclear Arms Treaty
Who: United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and 59 other states.
What: Prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament.
Where: Moscow, Russia, London, UK, Washington DC, United States.
Why: So nuclear weapons aren't getting sold around the world. -
Period: to
Afghanistan/soviet war
Who: Afghanistan rebels called the Mujahideen, the Soviet supported Afghanistan government, and the United States.
What: Overthrow the communist government and to prevent the spread of communism. Soviets never recovered from the public relations and financial losses, which significantly contributed to the fall of the Soviet empire.
Where: Democratic Republic of Afghanistan.
Why: Prevent the spread of communism. -
Solidarity in Poland
Who: Anna Walentynowicz, Lech Wales.
What: Solidarity was a broad anti-bureaucratic social movement, using methods of civil resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social change. anti-Communist ideals and movements throughout the countries.
Where: Poland.
Why: Government attempted to destroy the union. -
Czechoslovakia Revolution
Who: General Secretary Milos Jakes.
What: Resignation of the Communist government Democracy and free elections Civil rights Economic reform.
Where: Czechoslovakia
Why: Political repression Authoritarianism Economic stagnation Alleged death of Martin smid. -
Berlin wall falling
Who: President Ronald Reagan, Mikhail Gorbachev.
What: The fall of the Berlin Wall marked the symbolic end of the Cold War.
Where: Berlin.
Why: The fall of the Berlin Wall was the first step towards German reunification. -
End of the Cold war
Who: Mikhail Gorbachev.
What: The cold war is over and the Soviet Union and United States are done fighting.
Where: Berlin.
Why: The Berlin wall falling.