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The 10 Percent Plan
This was an attempt to peacefully reunite the states, and stood true to Lincolns steadfast goal of preserving the union. If offered amnesty to all southerners who swore allegiance to the union. This ultimately forced the preservation of the union, and may have set back progress by giving such easy forgiveness.it stated that the confederate stated could rejoin the Union when 10% of the 1860 vote count from that state had taken an oath of allegiance to the U.S. -
The Creation of Black Codes
Under the orders of president of Andrew Johnson, black codes were implemented in order to restrict the opportunities and behavior of newly freed African Americans. This led to outrage in the North, which eventually resulted in Radical Reconstruction. -
The Founding of the Freedmen's Bureau
The Freedmen's Bureau was put in place in order to help newly freed slaves with no resources and poor whites who were impacted by the war. It helped blacks get settled on confiscated land, provided legal advice, provided food, housing and medical aid, and established schools. It was prevented from being fully successful due to lack of funds and racial prejudice.https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=freedmen%27s+bureau&&view=detail&mid=C004FC6C1ED4150617B5C004FC6C1ED4150617B5&&FORM=VRDGAR -
The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincolns assassination hindered reconstruction. After his death, Andrew Johnson took over and he had little to no concern over the well being of the recently freed slaves.This resulted in an economy and environment that made it appropriate to mistreat blacks. -
Johnson Declares the End of Reconstruction
Johnson's declaration caused an outrage in the North. Republicans in congress revolted against the government by not recognizing southern representatives. This did not allow the south enough time to fully be fixed and the disagreement separated an already wounded nation. -
Ratification of the 13th Amendment
This was the first major step in reconstruction. This amendment freed the slaves officially, and it was added to the country foundational documents. It granted African Americans their freedom, and legally protected it. "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." -
The Start of the Ku Klux Klan
The Ku Klux Klan is a violent hate group that sought to disenfranchise black voters. The KKK originally was not as violent and mainly took part in prank like activities, but it gradually escalated into violent terrorism. In the majority black states, black leaders were likely to rise to power, and the Klan sought to strike fear into voters and prevent them from voting. This struck fear into African Americans for decades, and encouraged racism up until present times. -
African Americans Restricted by Policy in the South
In some southern states, African Americans were forced to pay a special tax if they were not farmers or servants, and on their dogs. they also could not go to public facilities, own guns, hunt, or fish. This caused resentment among blacks and encouraged white supremacy. -
The Civil Rights Bill
This bill, passed over the veto of Johnson, stated that all men had the right to make and enforce contracts, sue and be sued, give evidence in court, and inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property. It also stated that anyone who tried and hindered this right would be punished. It was a great step forward for African Americans. -
The Military Reconstruction Act
This act divided the South into 5 military districts in order to begin reforming the South to join the Union. New elections were held with runners approved by congress only. After public officials pledged their loyalty, they were forced to ratify the 13th and 14th amendment. This act led to an influx of Republican voters in areas that were usually Democratic, which allowed for Republican control. -
Radical Reconstruction
The black codes led to a more radical interest groups in the North. After this outrage, people took action, and blacks began to gain a role in politics. This progress was reverted in less than a decade as the KKK began causing terror and restoring white supremacy in the South. -
The Railroad Industry booms
Following the civil war, Ulysses S Grant began building infrastructure, mainly railroads. Railroad industrys employed many people and had large amounts of funding poured into it, but the projects did not offer immediate return of profits. This dried up government money and hurt banks that had heavily invested in the railroad bonds, which cause panic. -
William Henry Grey Served as Constitutional Convention member
William Henry Grey was a member the constitutional convention, and was the first African American to address a national nominating convention. He later served as a senator and joined the general assembly. He was one of the first blacks to begin revolutionizing American politics during this time. -
The Adoption of the 14th Amendment
The 14th amendment granted African Americans equal protection under the law. This attempted to further solidify their citizen status.‘no State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States,’ does not, in the opinion of the committee, refer to privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States other than those privileges and immunities embraced in the original text of the Constitution, article four, section two.” -
Grant Puts Corrupt People in power
Grants selection for political positions in the south we less than helpful. He allowed suprematists to gain power, and project their ideas from a point of influence. -
The Adoption of the 15th Amendment
The 15th amendment granted African Americans the right to vote. This meant that in the areas with a large black population, black people could rise to power positions. This lead to the increase violence from the KKK. -
The Final States Rejoin the Union
The final states, Virginia, Mississippi, Texas, and Georgia, all rejoined the union. These were the last states that still supported the Confederacy. After they joined the union they were then allowed to be represented in congress, which was troublesome due to their outlooks. -
White vs. Flood
This case set the stage for school segregation for years to come. This was a case in CA, and started the idea of separate but equal. This concept of separate but equal would act as a barrier for African Americans for years to come. -
The Demise of the Freedmen's Bureau
Congress eliminated the Freedmen's Bureau due to pressure from white supremacists. This bill was underfunded already, but still managed to help the African American community by acting as a sort of social worker. The dismantling of this program stopped giving aid to blacks still trying to get on their feet after starting with no resources. -
Redemption
During this time, Democrats began to climb back to power as former confederates rose from the ashes in the form of hate groups. Organizations such as " The Red Shirts" drove republicans out of office by threatening blacks to keep them from voting. -
Coinage act of 1873
During this time, Germany decided to stop minting silver thaler, which cause a decrease in the demand for silver, thus lowering the price. The uncertainty of the US economies stability turned investors away.https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=coinage+act+of+1873&&view=detail&mid=9351DA212EF3E12905C69351DA212EF3E12905C6&&FORM=VRDGAR -
The Jay Cooke and Company Bank Fails
This was a major establishment in the US banking system. This company had investing heavily in railroads, and found themselves unable to market those bonds. Because of the contraction of the money supply, the interest on debt was too expensive and the bank was forced to close. This set off a chain reaction of bank and stock market closure, and further unbalanced to US economy. -
Grant Reduces the Domestic Money Supply
The reduction of the domestic money supply led to the inflation of interest rates on debt. This hurt people like farmers who often had large amounts of debt. It also contributed to the closing of many banks and growing businesses who could no longer afford to take loans and grow their business. -
The Mississippi Plan Went Into Effect
This plan was created in order to try and limit black participation in government. It was a plan created by the democratic party in order to violently overthrow the republican party and regain the state of Mississippi. -
The Compromise of 1877
In order for Republican candidate, Rutherford Hayes, to win the election, he agrees to remove Union troops from the South. This effectively returned the south to its Democratic states, and allowed racism and violence to thrive in the south.This is defined to be the point where reconstruction officially ends. -
Police Brutality
In our present day, African Americans are discriminated against based on race. Unarmed blacks are killed for no other reason than their color.
Violence disclaimer
https://www.nytimes.com/video/us/100000006031561/minneapolis-police-video-thurman-blevins-shot.html?src=vidm
