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In 1817, Karl Von Drais invented the first “bicycle” or a steerable, two-wheeled contraption. This was known as the “running machine” as it propels with the rider pushing themselves with their feet on the ground. The engineering process was then applied as this prototype lacked pedals, a steering mechanism, brakes, and was difficult to maneuver. -
In 1860, French engineers, including Pierre Lallement, Pierre Michaux, and Ernest Michaux, presented the first bicycle. This was improved with its crank and pedals attached to the front wheels. Though this prototype was created, improved, and tested, it still needed revision due to its rough ride and no brakes. -
In 1870, Eugene Meyer and James Starley introduced the Penny Farthing. This design came from the idea that wheels looked like coins. Because of its four-foot high seat, it was extremely hard to get on and off. The engineering design process was needed again, as this was too dangerous, unstable, and not efficient. -
In 1885, John Kemp Starley presented the safety bicycle. This design had two wheels that were the same size and a chain connected to the rear wheel for driving. This bicycle got its name from its safer, lower center of gravity. Though it is a major improvement, engineering needs to be done with its steel tubing. Bicycles during this time weighed over 80 pounds. -
Steel frames are still used today, but the engineers developed tubing with thinner walls, making a bicycle weigh less. New developments in brakes and tires followed the safety bike, establishing a basic template for the modern bicycle.